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FBI. FBI, 08 May 2013. Web. 04 Apr. 2014. <http://www.fbi.gov/>.
"Chairman Mike Rogers." Welcome to The Permanent Select
Committee on Intelligence. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Apr. 2014.
<https://intelligence.house.gov/about/chairman-mike-rogers>.
"U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence." U.S. Senate
Select Committee on Intelligence. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Apr. 2014. <http://www.intelligence.senate.gov/>.
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FBI Holds Documents in McVeigh Case
Six days before Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh was supposed to be executed in 2001, then U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft had to put the execution on hold—thanks to the FBI. The problem in this case was that the FBI had withheld thousands of documents, including potential witness statements, from McVeigh’s defense attorneys.
The mishap provoked a wave of criticism within the FBI itself, especially when public speculation centered on the possibility that the withheld documents could jeopardize the government’s conviction of McVeigh. Several FBI agents publicly questioned their bureau’s actions, and one even called the withholding of documents obstruction of justice. Another agent said the FBI had a “cultural problem” that was jeopardizing the bureau’s reputation and ability to do its job.
In the end, the document scandal did not derail the execution of McVeigh, who was put to death a few weeks later.
Former Agents Hit FBI on McVeigh (60 Minutes Report)
Senators Criticize F.B.I. on McVeigh Papers (by Douglas Jehl, New York Times)
The Execution of Timothy McVeigh (CNN)
The FBI has gone through a number of eras where they have changed dramatically. Those eras are labeled as:
- Origins (1908-1910)
- Early Days (1910 -1921)
- The "Lawless" Years (1921-1933)
- The New Deal (1933-Late 1930s)
- World War II Period (Late 1930s-1945)
- Postwar America (1945-1960s)
- The Vietnam War Era (1960s-mid-1970s)
- Aftermath of Watergate (1970s)
- The Rise of International Crime (1980s)
- The End of the Cold War (1989-1993)
- Rise of a Wired World (1993-2001)
- Change of Mandate (2001-Present)
Over these times the bureaucracy changed in a number of ways. To begin with, the size of the current FBI is much larger then the original. The Bureau has also strengthened its support to federal, county, municipal, and international law enforcement partners and has dedicated itself to upgrading its technological infrastructure to successfully meet each of its priorities.
There are also several important Divisions/Offices that report directly to the Director and Deputy Director:
Office of Congressional Affairs
Office of Equal Employment Opportunity Affairs
Office of the General Counsel
Office of Integrity and Compliance
Office of the Ombudsman
Office of Professional Responsibility
Office of Public Affairs
Inspection Division
Facilities & Logistics Services Division
Finance Division
Records Management Division
Resource Planning Office
Security Division
FBI Headquarters is organized into five main branches, each of which is composed of multiple divisions that carry out the Bureau's mission. These include:
National Security Branch
Counterterrorism Division
Counterintelligence Division
Directorate of Intelligence
Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate
Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch
Criminal Investigative Division
Cyber Division
Critical Incident Response Group
International Operations Division
Office of Law Enforcement Coordination
Human Resources Branch
Training Division
Human Resources Division
Science and Technology Branch
Criminal Justice Information Services Division
Laboratory Division
Operational Technology Division
Special Technologies and Applications Office
Information Technology Branch
Office of the Deputy Chief Information Officer
Information Technology Services Division
Information Technology Management Division
Information Technology Engineering Division & The Chief
Technology Officer
Office of the Chief Knowledge Officer
For a department agency to be considered a bureaucracy they must meet these 5 components:
1. Specialization - Organization has a well-defined division of labor. Jobs are divided & assigned to groups & individuals that have expertise in particular tasks.
2. Hierarchy – Organization has a clear vertical chain of command in which workers are arranged in order of rank & authority.
3. Formality – Organization has a formal set of rule & procedures to ensure that it performs its duties in a consistent manner.
4. Record-keeping – Organization retains written records.
5. Professionalization – Organization is staffed with full-time career workers who are paid a regular salary, & are hired & promoted
The need for a Federal Bureau of Investigation came from the lack there of. Before this, there was no agency that could seek out criminals who operated across state lines and in numerous states, such as bank robbers and bootleggers. So the government created one to do exactly that. It became a bureau used to deal with the high level of interstate crime which was not being controlled.
Origins (1908-1910)
The original FBI formed and created in 1908 by Attorney General Charles Bonaparte during the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt. The two men first met in 1892, when they spoke at a meeting of the Baltimore Civil Service Reform Association. At the time Roosevelt was the Civil Service commissioner. At this particular even he boasted of his reforms in federal law enforcement. In the current times the law enforcement was often political rather than professional. Following Roosevelt on the program, Bonaparte countered that target shooting was not the way to get the best men. "Roosevelt should have had the men shoot at each other and given the jobs to the survivors."
It was clear that Roosevelt and Bonaparte both were "Progressives." They shared the conviction of efficiency and expertise, not political connections, should determine who could best serve in government.
Later, Theodore Roosevelt became President of the United States in 1901, appointing Bonaparte as the attorney general. Seven years later in 1908, Bonaparte applied that Progressive philosophy to the Department of Justice by creating a corps of special agents. It had neither a name nor an officially designated leader other than the attorney general. These former detectives and Secret Service men were the forerunners of the FBI.
CIRG’s Tactical Section ensures that the FBI has a full-time, national-level tactical team and regional SWAT teams capable of being deployed to protect American citizens around the world. The Tactical Section includes the Hostage Rescue Team (HRT), the Crisis Negotiation Unit (CNU), and other programs to support SWAT operations, tactical intelligence, and tactical aviation.
The Terrorism Financing Operations Section (TFOS) is in charge of tracking and shutting down of terrorist financing, as well as exploiting financial information in an effort to identify previous unknown terrorist cells. This section of the FBI also is trained to recognize potential activity/planning of terrorists.
Through this section, the FBI has made tremendous progress in tracking and freezing terrorists’ assets.
The work of TFOS includes conducting full financial analysis of terrorist suspects and their financial support structures in the United States and abroad; coordinating joint participation, liaison, and outreach efforts to appropriately utilize financial information resources of private sector, government, and foreign entities; utilizing FBI and legal attaché expertise to fully exploit financial information from international law enforcement, including the overseas deployment of TFOS personnel; working jointly with the intelligence community to fully exploit intelligence to further terrorist investigations; working jointly with prosecutors, law enforcement, and regulatory communities; and developing predictive models and conducting data analysis to facilitate the identification of previously unknown terrorist suspects.
President Obama nominated James B. Comey, a former hedge fund executive who served as a senior Justice Department official under President George W. Bush, to replace Robert S. Mueller III as the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
By choosing Comey, a Republican, Obama made a strong statement about bipartisanship at a time when he faces renewed criticism from Republicans in Congress.
“I, James B. Comey, do solemnly swear that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter. So help me God.”
Robert Swan Mueller III (born August 7, 1944) serves as the sixth Director of the American Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In office from September 4, 2001 until September 4, 2013, under President George W. Bush and Barack Obama.
James Brien Comey, Jr. (born December 14, 1960) was sworn in on September 4, 2013 as the seventh Director of the FBI under Barack Obama.
The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence is the U.S. Senate committee who watches over the FBI. The Committee was created by the Senate to “oversee and make continuing studies of the intelligence activities and programs of the United States Government,” and to “provide vigilant legislative oversight over the intelligence activities of the United States to assure that such activities are in conformity with the Constitution and laws of the United States.” The chairperson of this committee is Dianne Feinstein.
The House of Intelligence Committee is the House who acts as the watchdog to the agencies. The current chairperson that leads the committee is United States Representative Mike Rogers. The Committee is the House’s primary panel responsible for authorizing the funding for and overseeing the execution of the intelligence activities of the United States government.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a national security organization that is threat-focused and intelligence-driven upon both the intelligence and law enforcement responsibilities of the United States. This Bureau is the principal investigative branch of the U.S. Department of Justice and is a full member of the U.S. Intelligence Community.
The FBI is in charge of investigating specific crimes that are assigned to them. They also provide law enforcement angencies with cooperative services, such as fingerprint identification, laboratory examinations, and training.
The FBI also gathers, shares, and analyzes intelligence—both to support its own investigations and those of its partners and to better understand and combat the security threats facing the United States.