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When people face these challenges, they make choices that influence the growth of their personalities and their overall identity.

Late Adulthood (65 years and older)

Ego-integrity vs. Despair

As individuals reach the end stage of their life, they need to look back at their life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Failure to feel satisfied results in bitterness, regret, and despair.

Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Early Adulthood (19 to 40 years)

Intimacy vs. Isolation

As adults reach this stage, the focus of concern shifts beyond the self and outwards towards family, society and the future. The need to creating a positive change that benefits others leads to feeling of accomplishment.

At this age, it is common for young adults to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. As the basis for the rest of adulthood, this intimacy helps individuals share their life with others.

Adolescence (12 to 18 years)

Identity vs. Role Confusion

School Age (6 years to puberty)

Now reaching maturation, teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Fitting into social groups and the ability to stay true to yourself is a challenge at this age, on account of peer pressure, etc.

Erikson's Psychosocial Stages

Confidence vs. Inferiority

Infancy (birth to 18 months)

Trust vs. Mistrust

Erik Erikson described development that occurs throughout the lifespan.

He described them as the 8 major challenges that appear successively and describe an individual's social relationships.

Because children at this stage are at school and interacting with social and academic demands, they need to build their self confidence in interacting with others and performing tasks. Failure can lead to being a "spectator" rather than a "performer".

Preschool (3 to 6 years)

Initiative vs. Guilt

At this stage, trust with initial caregiver (usually parent) is developed, and is crucial to the relationship the individual forms later.

Children begin to assert control in their environment, like choosing what to wear or exploring their surroundings purposefully. They may feel guilty if they don't choose to act, resulting in disappointment.

Early Childhood (2 to 3 years)

Autonomy vs. Self Doubt

Children develop a sense of personal control over physical skills (such as potty training) and a sense of independence.

And that's development!

Psychosocial Stages of Development

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