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Etiology

the most common type of primary tumor, a glioma

primary tumors begin in brain tissue, gliomas begin in glial cells

  • grow from oligodendrocytes

- brain cells that nourish nerve cells

-located in myelin sheath surrounding brain nerve cells

-make up supportive, glial, brain tissue

  • exact cause unknown

- the role of chromosomal abnormalities, genes, and proteins on development are being studied

Works Cited

"Brain Cancer." Teen Health and Wellness. Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 2012. Web. 3 Dec. 2012 <http://www.teenhealthandwellness.com/article/70/brain-cancer>

"Disease Information: Oligodendroglioma." St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Web. 07 Dec. 2012. <http://www.stjude.org/stjude/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=9e1d061585f70110VgnVCM1000001e0215acRCRD>.

"Oligodendroglioma." American Brain Tumor Association. American Brain Tumor Association. Web. 3 Dec. 2012. <http://www.abta.org/understanding-brain-tumors/types-of-tumors/oligodendroglioma.html?gclid=CNChyIqH97MCFQ-e4AodDX0A2Q>.

"Oligodendroglioma Brain Tumors." Cedars-Sinai. Cedars-Sinai. Web. 03 Dec. 2012. <http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Oligodendroglioma-Brain-Tumors.aspx?gclid=CPOVw_iH97MCFcuZ4Aod5HIA0w>.

"Oligodendroglioma." National Brain Tumor Society. Web. 03 Dec. 2012. <http://www.braintumor.org/patients-family-friends/about-brain-tumors/tumor-types/Oligodendroglioma.html>.

"What You Need to Know About Brain Tumors." WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT BRAIN TUMORS. 31 Mar 2003: n.p. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 03 Dec 2012.

Grade of Tumors

can be low grade (grade II) or high grade (grade III, anaplastic)

  • are sometimes mixed with other cell types graded used a A through D system

-A through D grade system based on microscopic features

-indicates tumor cell reproduction speed and level of aggression

  • Grade II and III Oligodendrogliomas impact treatment plan

a type of glioma, most

common primary brain tumor

Oligodendroglioma

Survival Rates

Incidence

rare, slow-growing tumor begins in the oligodendrocytes,

brain cells that support nerve cells

  • 4% of primary brain tumors

-40% primary brain tumors are gliomas

-10% gliomas are Oligodendrogliomas

  • with complete resection of tumor, long term survival near 100%
  • if entire tumor not able to be removed, radiation therapy sometimes necessary, 80-90%
  • Most Oligodendrogliomas occur in adults 50-60 and are found in men more often than women
  • Anaplastic forms tends to occur in adults ages 47-74
  • Pure Oligodendrogliomas are rare, mixed gliomas are more common

Prognosis depends on:

  • age
  • location of tumor
  • grade of tumor cells
  • if tumor has 1p or 19q deletion
  • amount of tumor surgically removed
  • natural biologic differences may have impact

Treatment

depending on individual response, grade, and location

  • if accessible, surgical removal as much as possible
  • if not accessible, biopsy preformed to confirm diagnosis and determine grade
  • both low grade and high grade tumors can recur

the goal is to surgically remove as much as possible

surgery

radiation therapy

chemotherapy

low grade:

  • symptoms may not be severe
  • may perform surgery
  • "wait and watch"
  • evaluate growth through MRI

maniglant/anaplastic:

  • surgery followed by radiation or chemotherapy

Sign and Symptoms/Diagnosis

slow growing tumors, often present for years before diagnosed

Most Common Symptoms: seizures, headaches, behavioral and cognitive changes, weakness or paralysis

Tumor Location

-other symptoms dependent of tumor size and location

within cerebral hemisphere, temporal and frontal lobes are most common

Frontal

  • can be identified by chromosomes 1p and 19q deficiencies

50%, can cause weakness on one side of body, personality or behavior change, short term memory difficulty

Temporal

low grade: abnormalities hard to recognize under microscope, slow growing

anaplastic (malignant): very abnormal cell appearance, faster growing

causes few obvious symptoms, seizures and language problems

MRI or CT/CAT scan, tests on fields of vision, sharpness of vision, hearing, surgery for a accurate diagnosis

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