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Transcript

The Nuclear Arms Race Timeline

By Alastair White

Colin Ross

Kellan Moore

Jornado El Muerto

Hiroshima,Japan

Nagasaki,Japan

Enewetak Atoll

Semipalatinsk,Kazakhstan,USSR

Raggane, Algeria

Nova Zemlya

Washington D.C.

Lop Nur, China

New York City

Helsinki, Finland

Pokhran Test Site, India

Vienna, Austria

Israel

Moscow, Russia

The End

23rd March, 1983

Reagan administration proposes Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). SDI is a system using space-based and ground-based defenses to protect the United States from strategic ballistic missiles.

30th October, 1961

USSR detonates the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful bomb ever. The Tsar Bomba is equivalent to 58 Megatons (58,000,000 tons) or 1400 times the explosive power of the nuclear bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki COMBINED. However, it is relatively the cleanest nuclear weapon ever, recording incredibly low nuclear fallout.

November, 1969

The first Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) begins in Helsinki, Finland. Unfortunately, the United States never ratified the agreement as they refused under the pretense of the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan.

8th December, 1991

The Soviet Union is dissolved.

October 1952

England joins the ‘nuclear club’ upon obtaining nuclear weapons after considerable cooperation with the Americans.

29th August, 1949

The USSR tests its first atomic weapon at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan. The test ends the American nuclear weapon monopoly.

22nd November, 1955

The USSR tests its first true hydrogen bomb, RDS- 37.

18th June, 1978

SALT II is signed by the United States under Jimmy Carter and the Soviet Union under Leonid Brezhnev. However, it is later withdrawn by the Reagan administration.

6th December,1941

The Manhattan Project is developed and put under control of the United States Office of Scientific Research and Development power would later be distributed to the United States War Department. The project is aimed at creating the first atomic weapon.

5th August 1963

USA, the Soviet Union and Great Britain sign the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, preventing the testing of nuclear weapons in space, underwater or in the atmosphere. It is the first treaty, accepted by the Soviet Union, which promotes the control of nuclear weapons.

19th June, 1946

U.S. representative to the United Nations Bernard Baruch, presents the Baruch plan to the United Nations. The plan is aimed to establish an, ‘International Development Authority,’ in hopes to control future nuclear proliferation. The plan is rejected by both Stalin and Truman.

1st July 1968

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is signed. Under the treaty non-nuclear weapon states agree to never acquire nuclear weapons; also, nations possessing nuclear weapons will make a legal attempt at dismantling their nuclear arsenals. USA, USSR, Great Britain, France and China all sign.

16th October 1963

China tests its first nuclear weapon at Lop Nur and becomes the fifth country to possess nuclear weapon capabilities.

6th, August 1945

The atomic bomb, Little Boy, is dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The detonation causes a total of 135,000 casualties, and destroys 69% of infrastructure within the city.

9th August, 1945

The atomic bomb, Fat Man, is dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki. The detonation of Fat Man is equivalent to 22,000 tons of TNT and causes an estimated 64,000 casualties. The explosion in Nagasaki ultimately ends WWII.

16th July 1945

The first atomic weapon is tested in the Jornada Del Muerto desert, New Mexico. Code named ‘Trinity’ the detonation is equivalent to that of 20 kilotons (20,000) of TNT.

30th September 1986

Israel is revealed to have Nuclear weapons.

13th February, 1961

France detonates its first nuclear weapon and becomes the fourth nation to gain nuclear weapon capabilities.

18th May, 1974

India conducts first nuclear test, codenamed ‘Smiling Buddha’.

16-29th October 1962

The Cuban Missile Crisis occurs. The crisis resulted in a standoff, heightened nuclear tensions and the first direct conflict between the USA and the USSR over nuclear supremacy. However, on October 29th 1962, the USSR backs down and removes the missiles they had deposited in Cuba, a total of around 160.

1st November, 1952

USA tests the first hydrogen bomb at Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands. The weapon is the first hydrogen fusion weapon. This type of weapon would become known as the, “Super Bomb”.

Havana

Cuba

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