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"The Assassination of President Lincoln: At Ford's Theatre, Washington, D.C., April 14th, 1865." Library of Congress. Library of
Congress, n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. <https://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49830/>.
"The Assassination of President Lincoln: At Ford's Theatre, Washington, D.C." Library of Congress, 14 Apr. 1865. Web. 08 Apr.
2016. <https://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b49830/>.
"The Battle of Ft. Sumter." Memory: American Treasures of the Library of Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Apr. 2016. <https://
www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm117.html>.
Bower, Bert, and Diane Hart. "The Freedmen’s Bureau." History Alive!: The United States through Industrialism. Palo Alto, CA:
Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2011. 446-47. Print.
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Crystalrlombardo. "14 Remarkable Harriet Tubman Quotes." NLCATPorg. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016. <http://nlcatp.org/14-
remarkable-harriet-tubman-quotes/>.
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On April 14, 1865 Abraham Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth during a play at Ford’s Theater. Booth escapes while the President was fatally injured with the bullet in the back of his head. Lincoln died from the wound the next morning and everyone knew straight away that the beloved president had passed away. Booth was later caught and hung for his actions. Because the president was now gone there was little to stop the Radical Republicans from taking over the government. On May 9, 1865 the Civil War had Congress set up a way for freed slaves to earn money, own land, and have an education, this was called the Freedmen’s Bureau. The Freedmen’s Bureau lasted only for four years and some whites attacked the bureau because they disliked blacks. "[T]hey broke into our well furnished residences on each plantadon and stole or destroyed everything therein." stated by a South Carolina planter named Charles Manigault, 1865. Even though the bureau is now gone all Southerners still had free education. On December 6, 1865 the 13th Amendment was ratified and freed all slaves and banned slavery and involuntary servitude. This prevented another Civil War from happening.
In 1849, slavery is very common in the South, Harriet Tubman was one of these slaves. She decides to escape one day after hearing that her family would be sold away. She decides to run away and happens to discover the Underground Railroad. This “Railroad” is a collection of buildings to help an escaped slave. She does manage to escape to Philadelphia.Upon escapes she says, “I looked at my hands, to see if I was de [the] same person now I was free. Dere [There] was such a glory over everything, de [the] sun came like gold trou [through] de [the] trees, and over de [the] fields, and I felt like I was in heaven.” This just means that she couldn’t believe she escaped slavery and how amazing it felt. In 1850 the Fugitive Slave Act is passed. Any runaway slave, if caught, would be rightfully returned to their owners. Tubman hears about this act but decides to go back through the Underground Railroad to save her family anyway. She later became a conductor and assisted about 300 slaves to freedom. The Southerners were furious that this Fugitive Slave Law did very little because the northerners rarely returned fugitive slaves. Harriet Beecher Stowe had also heard about this Act and decided to start writing a story about the problem of slavery. This book got finished in 1852 and is titled Uncle Tom’s Cabin. This novel was a success and both the Union and the Confederacy read this book. The story changed the minds of many Americans. In 1854, the U.S. Supreme Court took a case on whether Dred Scott should be a slave or a free man. The Court decided that Scott was not a free man, because he wasn’t a person, he was just property and property could not be taken without due process under the Constitution. In 1855 John Brown, a violent abolitionist, decided to hire Tubman for her knowledge of the Confederate terrain. John Brown with 21 other men, raided Harpers Ferry in an attempt to arm slaves for a slave revolt. Tubman could not assist Brown because she had an illness. Brown did manage to capture the armory however 88 U.S. Marines with some local militia captured and hanged Brown for his actions. In 1860 Lincoln won the presidential election with only 40% of the votes. This enraged the South and from December 20, 1860 to February 1, 1861, the rebel states seceded starting with South Carolina, then Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, then finally Texas. These seven states came together and called themselves the Confederate States of America.