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Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry,& Lewis Models
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Acids & Bases
The Theory of the Arrhenius Model
- Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in a solution.
~ These hydrogen-containing compounds ionize to yield hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution.
The Bronsted-Lowry Theory
- Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in a solution.
Lewis Definition
~ These compounds ionize to yield OH- ions in an aqueous solution.
of Acids and Bases
Acid: A hydrogen ion donor.
Lewis' Definitions
Acid : A substance that accepts a pair of electrons during a reaction (covalent bond).
Base: A substance that can donate a pair of electrons forming a covalent bond.
Base: A hydrogen ion acceptor.
The Bronsted-Lowry theory adds to the Arrhenius theory, because hydroxide ions are still bases and accept hydrogen from acids to form H2O.
Bronsted-Lowry Model
Conjugate Acid
Conjugate Base
Arrhenius Model
Amphoetic
A particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion.
The particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion.
A substance that can act as both an acid or a base.