homo habilis

(Homo)

Where?

the end

• mass extinction at end of Pleistocene (Zimmerman)
• megafauna, Ice Age species (Strauss)
• hypotheses:
• climate change - insufficient food
• comet in Southern Canada
• humans!!!!!!! (Strauss)

• Due to changing axis of rotation of Earth
• Earth pointed away from Sun for longer periods of time
• Cooling, locking moisture at poles (Zimmerman)

Earth Conditions

• 11 glacial periods (Zimmerman)
• climate cold, dry
• plummeting sea levels (Strauss)
• less woodlands, more grasslands (Zimmerman)
• current continents (Zimmerman)

Smilodon

(Saber)

Macrauchenia

(Macrauchenia)

Other Life

(Strauss)

(African)

Woolly Mammoth

(Woolly)

Moa

(Moa)

Megalodon

duck!!!

(Megalodon)

(Duck)

Life Habits

(Gradual)

eat

• omnivore, versatile diet ("Homo")
• leaves, woody plants ("Fact")
• scavenged animal carcasses, used stone tools ("Food")
• teeth not for very hard foods like nuts, seeds, dried meat, tough tubers ("Fact")

adapt

• evolved during a time forest foods became scarce
• thick tooth enamel
• flexible diet
• stone tools used to extract nutritious bone marrow

("Homo")

("Fact")

("Food")

Oldowan tools

(Oldowan)

(Bone)

evolve

• previously thought to be ancestor of Homo erectus
• still possibly part of lineage
• patchwork of ape-like and human-like qualities
• 47% of modern brain

("Homo")

(Dorey)

(Kemmer)

Beginning of Homo

• 2.1 - 1.5 mya
• beginning of Pleistocene Epoch, during Gelasian Age and early Calabrian Age ("Homo")
• Latin word 'habilis' means handy, skillful (Dorey)
• Often credited to be the first to use stone tools ("Homo")
• One of the earliest species of the genus Homo
• Fossils discovered in the 1960s by Richard Leakey in the Olduvi Gorge in Tanzania (Kemmer)
• Average height: 3'4'' - 4'5''
• Average weight: 70lbs ("Fact")

(Geological)

(Homo)

(Human)

Homo habilis

works cited

African Continent Countries Map. Digital image. Mapsof.net. Maps of Net, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://mapsof.net/map/african-continent-countries-map>.

Bone marrow. Digital image. HealthTap. HealthTap, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <https://www.healthtap.com/topics/bone-marrow>.

Dorey, Fran. "Homo Habilis." Australian Museum. Australian Museum, 16 Sept. 2013. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://australianmuseum.net.au/homo-habilis>.

Duck. Digital image. WiseGeek. Conjecture Corporation, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-duck-decoys.htm>.

"Fact Files: Homo Habilis." Science & Nature: Prehistoric Life. BBC, 29 Oct. 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/cavemen/factfiles/homo_habilis.shtml?evidence>.

"Food for Thought - 3 Million Years Ago." Science & Nature: Prehistoric Life. BBC, 17 Sept. 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/prehistoric_life/human/human_evolution/food_for_thought1.shtml>.

Geological Time Scale. Digital image. Spongebobquh. Wikispaces Classroom, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://spongebobquh.wikispaces.com/%60+GEOLOGICAL+TIME+SCALE>.

Gradual increasing of cranial capacity. Digital image. Human Biological Science Unit 3B. WestOne Services, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015.

Homo Habilis. Digital image. Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/270419/Homo-habilis/249990/Body-structure>.

"Homo Habilis Essay." Becoming Human. Institute of Human Origins, n.d. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.becominghuman.org/node/homo-habilis-essay>.

"Homo Habilis." Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Institution, n.d. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-habilis>.

Homo habilis squating. Digital image. 6humanities0809. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <https://6humanities0809.wikispaces.com/Homo+Habilis-+P+1-2>.

Homo Sapien. Digital image. Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1350865/Homo-sapiens>.

Human evolution. Digital image. Johnson Direct. Johnson Direct, 18 May 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.johnsondirect.com/2012/05/18/the-web-is-growing-up/>.

Kemmer, Suzanne. "Homo Habilis and Homo Erectus." Origins and Evolution of Human Language. Rice University, 9 Jan. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Evol/habiliserectus.html>.

Macrauchenia. Digital image. Its Nature. Itsnature.org, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://www.itsnature.org/rip/macrauchenia/>.

Megalodon. Digital image. Animals Time. Animals Time, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://animalstime.com/megalodon-shark-facts-megalodon-shark-diet-habitat/>.

Moa. Digital image. Pinteresnt. Pinterest, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <https://www.pinterest.com/laurensanson/moa/>.

Oldowan Tools. Digital image. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundations Inc., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldowan>.

Saber-toothed Cat. Digital image. Indiana Geological Survey. Indiana University, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://igs.indiana.edu/FossilsAndTime/Sabertooth.cfm>.

Strauss, Bob. "Prehistoric Life During the Pleistocene Epoch." About Education. About.com, n.d. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://dinosaurs.about.com/od/CenozoicEra/a/Pleistocene-Epoch.htm>.

Woolly Mammoth. Digital image. Iowa's Ice Age Giants. WordPress, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. <http://thestudio.uiowa.edu/mnh/iceage/?page_id=60>.

Zimmermann, Kim Ann. "Pleistocene Epoch: Facts About the Last Ice Age." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 09 Oct. 2013. Web. 13 Apr. 2015. <http://www.livescience.com/40311-pleistocene-epoch.html>.