Thermoreceptors
Human Body (through Lissauer's tract)
- dermis layer of the skin
- skeletal muscles
Skeletal muscles contracts/relaxes as they are overheated/freezing
Thermoreceptors
a sensory receptor which detects, receives, and sends information through the sensory neurons to the brain of changes in temperature.
Thermoreceptors
Organ of Ruffini = nerve ending (mechanoreceptor & thermoreceptor - heat)
30°C - 45°C
Organ of Krause = bulb-like ending (mechanoreceptor & thermoreceptor - cold)
35°C - ~ 27°C.
The Endocrine System and Temperature
Explanation of consequences of lack of proper regulation of that factor
Low body temperature can also be a potential symptom of the following diseases and disorders:
- Infection
- Kidney and liver failure
- Shock
- Insomnia
Explanation of consequences of lack of proper regulation of that factor
- .
- The control center for body temperature lies in the brain and it is known as the hypothalamus.
- Ciliopathy is associated with decreased ability to sense heat, thus cilia may aid in the process.
Explanation of consequences of lack of proper regulation of that factor
High fevers between 103 F (39.4 C) and 106 F (41.1 C) may cause:
- Hallucinations
- Confusion
- Irritability
- Convulsions
- Dehydration
TEMPERATURE REGULATION ABOVE AVERAGE
Response:
- Vasodilation of surface blood capillaries to increase heat loss by radiation
- Increased sweating
- Erector pili muscles muscles relax - hairs are flat
- Metabolic rate decrease
TEMPERATURE REGULATION ABOVE AVERAGE
Cycle
Stimulus
↓
Receptor
↓
Corrective Mechanism
- Hypothalamus regulates the temperature of the body.
- >37°C = sweating
- <37°C = conserve heat
- Fully exhaustion -> Cooling
- Improper evaporation = Core temperature or body rise
- >40°C = protein structure deform; tissue damages, blood pressure drops, headaches, dizziness
Cycle
Stimulus
- Blood and skin temperature fall
-
Receptor
- Temperature receptors detect changes and send nerve impulses to the brain
- Hypothalamus of brain is stimulated and sends nerve impulses to relevant body parts
-
Corrective Mechanism
- Decrease in heat loss and increase in heat production
- Shivering occurs when insufficient heat is produced
- Increased metabolic rate increases heat production
- Decrease heat loss and increase heat production
- Body temperature increase
- Body temperature to the receptor is called a negative feedback
- Blood temperature returns to normal level
Thank You!
- Vasoconstriction to decrease the flow of heat to the skin.
- Cessation of sweating.
- Shivering to increase heat production in the muscles.
- Secretion of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and thyroxine to increase heat production
- In lower animals, the erection of the hairs and fur increase to insulation.
Temperature Regulation Below Average
The human body has the capacity for regulating its core temperature somewhere between 98°F and 100°F, when the surrounding temperature is between approximately 68°F and 130°F, this presumes a nude body and dry air.
The temperature of the body is regulated by neural feedback mechanisms, which operate primarily through the hypothalamus. Under control of these mechanisms, sweating begins almost precisely at a skin temperature of 37°C and increases rapidly as the skin temperature rises above this value. If the skin temperature drops below 37°C a variety of responses are initiated to conserve the heat in the body and to increase heat production.
These include: