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Troubles for John

After Henry II

  • Many rulers clashed with nobles and the Church
  • usually over taxes or imposing of royal authority
  • Son of Henry II
  • clever, greedy, cruel, and untrustworthy
  • Faced three enemies
  • King Philip of France
  • Pope Innocent III
  • his own English nobles

Review Yesterday

Philip II of France

Importance of Magna Carta

  • John lost a war with Philip
  • had to give up his lands in Anjou and Normandy
  • 1) all nobles had certain rights (eventually extended to all citizens)
  • 2) made it clear the monarch had to follow laws
  • In what ways did William increase royal power?
  • In what ways did Henry II increase royal power?
  • How did Henry anger the Chruch?

Magna Carta

Pope Innocent III

  • Selection of new archbishop of Canterbury
  • John rejected Pope's nomination
  • Pope excommunicated John
  • Placed England under interdict
  • To save England, John backed down
  • had to accept England as a fief of the papacy and pay a yearly fine to the Church
  • 1215 - group of rebellious nobles forced John to sing the Magna Carta
  • long list of feudal rights
  • Not only protected the nobles, but the towns people and Church as well
  • freedom from arbitrary arrests, imprisonment and other legal actions
  • beginning of due process of law
  • King agreed not to raise taxes without consulting the Great Council
  • [No taxation without representation!]

Growth of Royal Power in England and France Continued.

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