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Do the chemicals found in plastics have any negative effects on humans? There seem to be some adverse affects caused by plastics in food and drink packaging as well as other products that humans come into contact with on a daily basis. This poster will investigate just exactly what those health affects are and how they are related to chemicals found within plastic.

To further understand the correlation between the chemicals found in plastics and their impact on human health.

Overtime will the traces of chemicals found in plastics lead to human health problems?

Discuss several lab results of mice and their exposure to endocrine disruptors.

Discuss and define just what an endocrine disruptor is. Uncover the correlation between BPA and hormone levels.

Expose other ways in which endocrine disruptors impact human health and development.

*Toxicity levels found in rodents after BPA exposure in a controlled lab setting revealed that these rodents had an increase in insulin levels after two days with only 10 ug/kg/ day.

*After four days of exposure, the mice had been shown to have impaired glucose tolerance.

*Although mice are not humans, they are a good specimen to run tests. They offer the indication for possible implications on human health. Such tests have become a plausible link to the relationship between BPA found in plastic and the impact on human health.

*Endocrine disruptor such as BPA are not commonly associated with reproductive disorders, but as studies have shown, such disorders are on a yearly rise by almost two percent.

*Further rodent exposure to endocrine disruptors has come to show immune system deficiencies, obesity, learning disorders and other birth defects.

In 1891Bisphenol A was first synthesized. However, it was not until the 1930's when BPA was found to chemically change hormone levels within the human body. This compound simulates the chemical estrogen resulting in excessive cell reproduction that can lead to cancer.

Exposure to endocrine disruptor can come from any source containing plastic compounds.

As plastic begins to age, the unstable polycarbonate begins to breakdown due to its instability of the ester bond that links together BPA monomers to one another. With the decay of these polycarbonate monomers comes the release of BPA. In the case of plastic bottles, the compound is released from the plastic entering the water within the bottle.

What Products Contain BPA?

*Eating utensils

*Common metal coatings: Such as those used in the lining of cans

*Food storage containers

*Water coolers

*Plastic bottles

Ways in which exposure to BPA can be reduced:

*Avoid reusable polycarbonate bottles with the label

* Minimize the use of canned food products

*Ask your dentist for BPA- free sealants

*Avoid using the microwave to heat foods in plastic containers

*Refrain from using plastic products with these symbols:

Conclusion:

BPA is a synthetic product that affects the human body in many ways. It manipulates the hormone estrogen resulting in the mass production of this chemical within the body. This can result in many types of cancers, depression and developmental problems in children. This compound is prevalent in just about every product that is man-made. Through the process of hydrolysis, BPA is released. BPA is a polycarbonate that results in the potential of hazards in food contact applications.

Le HH, Carlson EM, Chua JP, Belcher SM. 2008. Bisphenol A is released from polycarbonate drinking bottles and mimics the neurotoxic actions of estrogen in developing cerebellar neurons. Toxicol Lett 176(2):149.

Wagner M and Oehlmann J. 2009. Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: Total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 16(3):278-86.

Bang DY, Kyung M, Kim MJ, Jung BY, Cho MC, Choi SM, Kim YW, Lim SK, Lim DS, Won AJ, et al. 2012. Human risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals derived from plastic food containers. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 11(5):453-70.

Esfandiari A, et al. 2012. Preparation and evaluation of activated carbons obtained by physical activation of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) wastes. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 43(4):631-7.[Internet]; c2011 [cited 2012 October 15]. Available from:

Lind L and Lind PM. 2012. Can persistent organic pollutants and plastic-associated chemicals cause cardiovascular disease? J Intern Med 271(6):537-53.

Zbyszewski M and Corcoran PL. 2011. Distribution and degradation of fresh water plastic particles along the beaches of lake Huron, Canada. Water Air Soil Pollut 220(1-4):365-72.

Boggan, S. (2012, ). Poisoned by plastic: Chemicals in water bottles and food packaging have been linked to infertility and birth defects. Scaremongering, or the truth?. Daily Mail

Plastic bottles release potentially harmful chemicals (bisphenol A) after contact with hot liquids. (2008,). Science Daily

Rios LM, Jones PR, Moore C, Narayan UV. 2010. Quantitation of persistent organic pollutants adsorbed on plastic debris from the northern pacific gyre's “eastern garbage patch”. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 12(12):2226-36.

C, Dauchy X, Chagnon M, Etienne S. 2012. Chemical compounds and toxicological assessments of drinking water stored in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles: A source of controversy reviewed. Water Res 46(3):571-83.

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BPA and Human Health:

Objectives:

Purpose:

By: Loren H

Sam R.

Miku J.

Marie P.

Lana S.

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