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Missouri wild edible and medicinal plant project

Arrowhead

June berry

Nettle

Passionflower

common name: Arrowhead

scientific name: Sagittaria latifolia

Habitat: Shallow water, edges of pond, Scattered state wide

Identify:small white flowers that each have 3 petals, arrow shaped leaves: arranged around base of flowing stalk

What time of year: blooms June through October, best time to harvest tubers as leaves are dieing and turning yellow (fall season

Common name: june berry

Scientific name: Amelanchier arbore

Where located: statewide

Identify: White blossoms appear before leaves. Leaf is oval and toothed.

What time of year: March-May

Edible parts: The berry portion.

How to prepare: Raw jelly and pies.

Common name: Nettle

Scientific name: Urtica

Ailment the plant uses:used to stop bleeding treatment for gout promotes milk production in humans.

Located: Located in Canada and the United States, where it is found in state except for Hawaii, and Mexico

Identify: Has soft green leaves are 3 to 15 cm long and wiry, green stem. also has small, greenish or brownish flowers

Time of year: May-june

Part of plant used: Leafs

How to prepare: boil leafs to make a tea.

Common name: Passion flower

Scientific name: Passiflora

Ailment the plant uses: Neurological problems like Parkinson’s, epilepsy, anxiety, hypertension.

Located: Sandy fields, roadsides, and railroads. This species is native to the southeastern United States, including southern Missouri.

Identify: flowers arise singly from axils, the floral parts purplish blue, pink, and white.

Time of year: Blooms june-september.

Part of plant used: flowers and leafs are used .

How to prepare: Infusions, Teas, Liquid

extracts and Tinctures.

Edible parts: are located at the roots called tubers.

Preparation: One way to prepare this potato substitute is to bake it in a 350-degree oven for 30 minutes. They may also be boiled or roasted around a campfire

American Basswood

Milk Thistle

cites

PLANTAIN

Peppergrass

https://regrowroots.wordpress.com/2013/05/10/wild-native-herbs-of-missouri/

https://regrowroots.wordpress.com/2013/05/10/wild-native-herbs-of-missouri/

http://nature.mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/recipes/wild-edibles-missouri

Common name: Milk thistle

Scientific name: Silybum marianum

Ailment the plant uses: Regenerates liver cells, stimulates bile flow and antidepressant, also can be used for spleen problems, jaundice, and gallstones.

Located: North America

Identify:The leaves have pointy edges. They are hairless, shiny green.

The flower heads are 4 to 12 cm long they are also have red-purple color

Time of year:The harvest takes place in August

Part of plant used: seeds are used.

How to prepare: Pills, oil and tea.

Common name: American Brasswood

Scientific name:Tilia americana

Ailment the plant uses:A tea made from the dried flowers is used in the treatment of hypertension, hardening of the arteries, digestive complaints associated with anxiety, feverish colds, respiratory catarrh, migraine.

Located: North America

Identify:Tilia Americana is a deciduous Tree growing to 82ft also blooms with white flowers.

Time of year: early summer

Part of plant used: The whole plant.

How to prepare: teas, extracts

common name: plantain

scientific name: Plantago ruge

where located: Dry soils, pastures, lawns, fields, gardens, waste grounds and roadside.

identify:Basal leaves, parallel-appearing veins. Flower stalk holds terminal spike.

what time of year: April-august

edible parts: The leaves .

how to prepare:Potherb, salad and tea.

Common Name: Pepper Grass

Scientific Name : Lepidium virginicum

Habitat: This wild edible can be found along roadsides, fields and prairies. It grows all over U.S., Mexico, South America and Australia. It prefers dry, sunny locations.

Identity: Its lower leafs are up to 3 inches long and can grow up to be a foot high the leaves on the upper parts of the plant are linear and only inch long .

What time of year: February thru November

Edible parts: The entire plant is edible.

How to prepare: Seed pods are also good sprinkled on soups or used in a vinegar-oil salad dressing

Red Clover

BEDSTRAW

Common name: Red clover

Scientific name:Trifolium pratense

Ailment the plant uses:natural blood thinner.

excellent blood purifier cleanses and soothes bronchial nerves

used in the treatment in of cancer.

Located: Located thru out the U.S..

Identify:Flowers are compact clusters that are usually rose pink in color. Seed pods are small, short, and contain kidney shaped seed.

Time of year: Spring and summer.

Part of plant used: Flowers

How to prepare: Teas ,pills, extracts and tinctures.

SHEPHERD'S PURSE

Common name: Shepherd's purse

Scientific name: Plantago rugel

Where located: Dry soils, pastures, lawns, fields, gardens, waste grounds, roadsides

Identify: one has a narrow, long leaf while the other has a rounder, wider leaf. The narrow leaf, or English plantain, has a white flower cluster while the common plantain sends up green flower spikes.

What time of year: Leaves, February April; seeds, June September

Edible parts:Shepherds purse leaves can be eaten raw or cooked . Young leaves used before the plant flowers is a tasty addition to salads.

How to prepare: Raw, salads and dressings.

Common name: bed straw

Scientific name: Galium species

Where located: Statewide

Identify: Leafs egg shaped, with slightly notched tips. The cotyledons are smooth, lack hairs, and range in length from 1/2 to one inch.

what time of year: March -july

Edible parts: stem and leafs.

How to prepare:Potherb, salad and coffee substitute.

Mullein

Common name: Mullein

Scientific name: Verbascum

Ailment the plant uses : effective treatment for asthma

oil is used as a remedy for ear infections

great for colds and bronchial spasms.

Located: all over the world.

Identify: Large leaves, unbranch stem and star shapes plant.

Time of year: harvest as leafs appear.

Part of plant used: leafs

How to prepare: teas, extracts and pills.

WATER CRESS

Common name: water cress

Scientific name: Nasturtium officinale

Where located: Introduced in scattered locations statewide. Most common in Ozark and Ozark border counties of southern and central Missouri.

Identify: Flowers are massed at the tips of stems, The flowers have 4 tiny petals that are white similar to lavender.

What time of year: Blooms April–October.

Edible parts: Entire plant is edible .

How to prepare: salads, soups and many dishes .

Queen Anne’s Lace

Common name: Wild carrot

Scientific name:Daucus carota

Ailment the plant uses:great for urinary system juice is good for kidney complaints regulates fertility.

Located: North america

Identify: The stem is normally

slender, from 2-4 feet in height and which is sometimes heavily branched and more robust. The flower is a

white umbel.

Time of year: fall

Part of plant used:leaves, seeds, and flowers are

used.

How to prepare: food extracts and also teas

GOOSEBERRY

Dandelion

Common name:goose berry

Scientific name: Ribes uva-crispa

Where located: State wide except southeast .

Identify: Irregular toothed leaves , Woody stems with spines. Flowers dangle downward.

What time of year: April-May

Edible parts: berries parts.

How to prepare: Fruit, pie, cobbler,jelly and tea.

Common name: Dandelion

Scientific name:Taraxacum

Ailment the plant uses:stimulates and aids our liver to eliminate toxins in our blood known to cure hepatitis.

Located: tempered regions across the world .

Identify: bring yellow pedals hollow stem / feathery white pedals

Time of year: Year round

Part of plant used: flower

How to prepare: wines, extracts, or pills

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