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The Controversy between the Followers of Newton and Leibniz over Priority in the Invention of Calculus

By: Yuhui Gao

Newton

  • He claimed to have begun working on a form of the calculus in 1666
  • He didn't do a full publication on calculus until 1704
  • He claimed once that he didn't want to publish his work because he wanted to avoid criticism and controversy.
  • He compiled the Methodus Fluxionum et Serierum Infinitarum in 1671 in which he defined his Fluxional Calculus.

Summary

For/Against Evidences

  • Guillaume de pointed out that in Netwon's Principia published in 1687 was also about calculus conception.
  • Methodus Fluxionum was not published until 1736.
  • Newton was a well respected scientist so it is hard to believe he was afraid of criticism.

Introduction

  • Leibniz did invent Calculus, but it was based on the previous work of Newton's.
  • Newton did create the same concept of Calculus.
  • Newton's work was geometrical and physics related, whereas Leibniz's work mainly relied on the analysis of the change of graphs.

The calculus controversy was an argument between 17th-century mathematicians Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz over who had first invented the mathematical study of calculus.

Leibniz

  • He published his full work on calculus in 1684 which was 9 years before Newton.
  • The symbol he invented is still used today.

For/Against Evidences

  • Published a description before Newton
  • His notation is used today in preference of Newton's
  • He had seen Newton's manuscript before his own publication.
  • His fundamental concept was different from now.

Conclusion

The invention of Calculus was based on both of the great mathematicians' effort.

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