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Partisans / Partizani

Roma

  • Who were the Partisans?
  • Why do we have fewer records of Roma and Romani music from the time of WWII?

Kingdom of Yugoslavia

"Tsigaynerlid" - Dovid Beygelman

Through Valleys & Over Hills

Red Army song from Russian Civil War & WWI

  • Serbs, Croats, & Slovenes from A-H Empire + Kingdoms of Montenegro + Serbia (1918)
  • Ruled by Serbian Karadjordjević dynasty

  • April 1941: invaded by Axis powers
  • Establish Ustasha puppet state

  • Resistance movements:
  • Chetniks: royalist, nationalist - mostly Serbs
  • Led by Draža Mihailović
  • Partisans: Yugoslavists, communists
  • Led by Josip Broz (Tito)

Po dolinam i po vzgoriam

Through valleys and over hills

Went the division forward

To capture in battle Primorye

The stronghold of the White Army.

The banners were filled

By the red of the last wounds

Went the intrepid squadrons

Of the Amur partisans.

The fame of those days will never cease

Will never dim

The partisan troops

Captured cities.

And will remain as legends

Like sparkling fires

The storming nights of Spassk

The days of Volochaevka.

[We] defeated the atamans

Dispersed the Voivodes

And on the Pacific Ocean

Had ended our campaign.

Po šumama i gorama

Through the woods and hills

Of our proud country

March the companies of Partisans

Spreading the glory of struggle!

I'm a Partisan; of that I am proud.

Not everyone can be that,

To die for freedom

Only a giant-hero can!

Let the cursed foe know

A bloody war is waged

We will rather die

Than give our land!

We will punish the traitors

And free all our people,

We will tell the entire world

That a bitter fight is fought!

Black hordes don’t scare us

Heroic blood boils in our veins

We don’t allow our lands

To be trampled by Fascists!

WWII

Before the War

Songs in the Ghettos & Camps

Jewish populations

in Eastern Europe

prior to the war

  • "Es Brent" ("It is Burning" (1938)
  • by Mordkhay Gebirtig (d. 1942, Krakow ghetto, Poland)
  • Re-use
  • Re-writing
  • Response

Papirosn

Raisins and Almonds

(Rozhinkes mit Mandlen)

Never Say That You Have Reached the Final Road (Zog nit keynmol az du geyst dem letstn veg)

  • by Hirsh Glick
  • Melody from pre-war Soviet song
  • Inspired by news of the Warsaw ghetto uprising (1943)
  • Became anthem of Jewish partisans across Eastern Europe
  • Popular song written after WWI

  • "Nishtu kain przydziel" version written by Yankele, the bard of the Lodz Ghetto

No More Raisins, No More Almonds

(Nit kayn Rozhinkes, nit kayn Mandlen)

  • Ashkenazi (central/northeast)
  • Yiddish
  • Sephardi (former Ottoman empire)
  • Ladino
  • Romaniote (Greece)
  • Judaeo-Greek dialect

It is burning, brothers, it is burning.

Our poor little town, a pity, burns!

Furious winds blow,

Breaking, burning and scattering,

And you stand around

With folded arms.

O, you stand and look

While our town burns.

It is burning, brothers, it is burning

Our poor little town, a pity, burns

The tongues of fire have already

Swallowed the entire town.

Everything surrounding it is burning,

And you stand around

While our town burns.

Never say that you have reached the very end,

When leaden skies a bitter future may portend;

For sure the hour for which we yearn will yet arrive,

And our marching step will thunder: we survive!

From green palm trees to the land of distant snow,

We are here with our sorrow, our woe,

And wherever our blood was shed in pain,

Our fighting spirits now will resurrect again.

The golden rays of morning sun will dry our tears,

Dispelling bitter agony of yesteryears,

But if the sun and dawn with us will be delayed,

Then let this song ring out to you the call, instead.

Somewhere he stands and watches,

Lots of almonds and raisins,

Lu, lu, lu, my son,

Lu, lu, lu, my son.

There’s no doubt that he will come,

To watch you son, my only crown,

Lu, lu, lu, my son,

Lu, lu, lu, my son.

No raisins and no almonds,

Your father has not gone out trading,

Lu, lu, lu, my son,

Lu, lu, lu, my son.

He has left us, gone away,

To the end of the world,

Lu, lu, lu, my son,

Lu, lu, lu, my son.

Owls are screeching, wolves are howling,

God have pity on us and help us,

Lu, lu, lu, my son,

Lu, lu,lu, my son.

It is burning, brothers, it is burning!

You are the only source of help.

If you value your town,

Take up the tools to put out the fire,

Put out the fire with your own blood.

Don't just stand there, brothers,

with your arms folded.

Don't just stand there, brothers,

Put out the fire, because our town is burning.

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