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Adjective Clauses:
Modifies a noun or pronoun
Relative pronouns start these clauses
Adverb Clause:
Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb
Subordinating Conjunctions start these clauses
Noun Clause:
Serves as a noun
Subordinating Conjunctions and Pronouns start these clauses
Types of Subordinate Clauses
Adjective Clause
Examples:
The cat who lives under the porch roamed the yard.
Subject of the Clause: who
Verb of the Clause: lives
Modifies: cat
Fred is the teacher whose classroom they used for speeches.
This is the house that is haunted.
The cat whose owner was gone raided the pantry.
Relative Pronouns are a pronouns that relates to a noun or a pronoun in the sentence.
WHO
WHOM
WHOSE
WHICH
THAT
Remember, like an adjective, you can take the adjective clause out of the sentence and the sentence will still make sense.
I just bought the house that was built last year.
I just bought the house
that was built last year
I just bought the house.
Adjective Clauses are a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun
Exactly like an ADJECTIVE!
Relative pronouns that are not included before the adjective clause, but if added will make sense in the sentence
Example:
A teddy bear is something the toddler would enjoy.
THAT
A teddy bear is something that the toddler would enjoy.
Adverb Clauses
Example: (modifying a verb)
The student posted the flyer where everyone could see it.
Modifying: posted
Example: (modifying an adj.)
In cooking class we learned that pie is ready when the top has darkened.
Modifying: ready
Example: (modifying a adverb)
The horse ran faster than the car.
Modifying: faster
Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb
This clause tells how, when, where, to what extent, and why
Exactly like an ADVERB
They relate the clause to the word it modifies
When the storm began, we were five miles from home.
Subordinating Conjunction: when
The tree is taller than it used to be.
Subordinating Conjunction: than
after, as, as soon as, before, since, until, when, whenever, while, because, since, as, as much as, than, although, as long as, even though, provided that, unless, in order that, so that, as, as if, as though, where, or wherever
Adjective Clause
Adverb Clause
Noun Clause
Example:
Subject:
Whoever forgot their book will be tardy.
Direct Object
I have to decide what puppy to adopt.
Indirect Object
Give whoever comes in first a prize.
Predicate Nominative
His question is how do I make a cake.
Object of a Preposition
Teachers dispense knowledge to whoever will listen.
Noun Clauses are introduced by:
Pronouns:
who, whom, which, what that, whoever, whomever, or whatever
Subordinating Conjunctions:
how, that, when, where, whether, or why.
A subordinate clause that is used in a sentence as a noun.
Functions as:
Subject
Direct Object
Predicate Nominative
Object of a Preposition
Introduced by Pronouns and Subordinating Conjunctions
Examples:
Whatever you want for dinner is fine with me.
The teacher will meet where the presentation is taking place.