How have coral reefs changed due to human influence within t

by Sophie S. and Eylül K.

Threatened Oceans

How have coral reefs changed due to human influence within the last years?

Atlantic Ocean

1.1 Causes: Overfishing, Pollution, Eutrophication

Overfishing

Definition:

There is more fish taken from the sea than available.

Pollution

Eutrophication

• Trash, heavy metals, waste products from the industrial live stock farming etc. are disposed in rivers and end up in the sea
• Oil-tanker accidents (outflow of oil)

Increase of nutrient input due to dung

produced biomass sinks to the ground where plankton takes it up

rise in plankton and alga which use up much oxygen

water-animals and plants die due to lack of oxygen

1.2 Effects

• extinct of species living in the oceans
• fish will get rare more expensive
• chemicals in fish end up in our food
• diseases (Cholera, Typhus)
• pollution of water
• ecological balance gets influenced

Pacific Ocean

Indian Ocean

Great Barrier Reef

2. Great Barrier Reef

2. Consequences on Great Barrier Reef

• UNESCO World Heritage
• one of the Seven Wonders of the World
• bigger than Italy
• stretches over 2300 km (can even be seen from outer space)
• includes world's largest coral reef ecosystem
• contains 3000 coral reefs, 1625 types of fish and over 30 species of whales and dolphins

• global warming ocean temperature increases coral bleaching
• reefs lose their inhabitants
• corals and water-animals die due to farm runoff (chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers etc.)
• eutrophication
• overfishing species extinct, corals are destroyed by anchors and nets
• water-animals produce one half of the useable oxygen in the world

3.Possible solutions

3. Possible solutions

• organizations (WWF, Greenpeace)
• since 2004 1/3 of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is protected
• ban on certain regions/species
• higher punishment
• recovery of threatened corals
• recycling-systems, rubbish-systems
• no trash in rivers!
• cleaning rivers at the coast nets
• reduce shipping
• using less fertilizers for farming
• eating less fish

5. Discussion

What do you think?

4. Questions/Quiz

1. How much water do the global oceans contain?

2. Which country is the biggest fishing nation?

3. How many coral reefs does the Great Barrier Reef contain?

4. Why do the corals undergo bleaching?

Sources

Structure

Information

• 1.Threatened Oceans: Themen und Materialien - Globale Herausforderungen 2/ bpb 2011

• 1.1Causes: Overfishing&Pollution: from GeoWpf. lessons, Eutrophication: http://www.mare-mundi.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=148:problemkreis-eutrophierung&catid=20:ologische-situation&Itemid=62 (20.12.14)

• 1.2 Effects: Themen und Materialien - Globale Herausforderungen 2/ bpb 2011& GeoWpf. lessons

• 2.Great Barrier Reef: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef (27.11.14), http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-the-reef/facts-about-the-great-barrier-reef (27.11.14)

• 2.Consequences on Great Barrier Reef: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef, http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/agricultural-run-off

• 3.Possible solutions: GeoWpf. lessons

1. Threatened Oceans

1.1 Causes: Overfishing, Pollution, Eutrophication

1.2 Effects

2. Consequences on Coral Reefs (example the Great Barrier Reef)

3. Possible solutions

4. Questions/Quiz

5. Discussion

6. Conclusion

Pictures/media

• Pelikan: pic.1: http://www.outdooralabama.com/sites/default/files//images/Image/white-pelican-3.jpg

• Pelikan pic.2: http://www.backyardchirper.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/brown-pelican-oil.jpg

• Background structure: http://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/ficheroenergias/fotos/articulos/reducida/s/Sea.JPG

• 1.1Overfishing: Cartoon&Diagram: Themen und Materialien - Globale Herausforderungen 2/ bpb 2011, http://assets.worldwildlife.org/photos/1262/images/story_full_width/overfishing-overview-08022012-WEB_109842.jpg%3F1345541146

• 1.1Pollution: Diagrams: Themen und Materialien - Globale Herausforderungen 2/ bpb 2011, pic.1 http://repeatingislands.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/garbage.png, pic.2 http://www.marineinsight.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/sea-empress-1.jpg

• 1.2Effects: http://earthuntouched.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/water-pollution.jpg

• 2.Great Barrier Reef: pic.1 http://www.acfonline.org.au/sites/default/files/images/rich_page/main/Successtories_Greatbarrierreef.jpg, pic.2 http://cdn.ipetitions.com/user-images/petitions/save-our-great-barrier-reef/fLogsFERTmuoLD1VRxFA_great-barrier-reef-holiday-reef-fish1.jpg, pic.3 http://www.airwhitsunday.com.au/wp-content/uploads/great-barrier-reef-heart-reef.jpg

• Video:www.youtube.com/watch?v=yStUo_csTYA