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Positive Changes in the South

The Rise of Jim Crow

1. Education increases

Primary Source Analysis

*In 1870 - over 80% of A.A. over age 20 were illiterate

1. How does Jim Crow affect the segregation of Public Schools?

2. How do you think education would be different in segregated states?

*But 40% of A.A. children were attending Public School

*Colleges were built specifically for A.A. students

-Ex: Howard University in DC

1865 - 1965

Plessy v. Ferguson

*US Supreme Court Case

2. Political diversity

*Segregation is "separate but equal"

1892

*Judge Ferguson in Louisiana ruled separation was legal

*Homer Plessy sat in the designated white seats

*Adding A.A. votes changed the political field

*1870-Hiram Revels (MS) becomes first A.A. Senator in the USA

Jim Crow

Ku Klux Klan

  • Created in Tennessee in 1865
  • "The Invisible Empire of the South"
  • Believed in White supremacy
  • Leader was known as the Grand Wizard
  • Used terror and violence to enforce their beliefs
  • Originally against A.A. and Whites who educated A.A. children or fought for advancements of their rights

Black Codes to Jim Crow

  • The Black Codes were the early form of Jim Crow Laws

Where does Jim Crow come from?

Jim Crow Laws

  • Traveling shows
  • Enacted by Southern states, they legalized segregation between blacks and whites
  • “Jump Jim Crow”
  • Separate in every way including:
  • schools
  • burials
  • transportation
  • library
  • restaurant
  • restrooms
  • military
  • Examples:
  • Voting
  • Poll Tax
  • Literacy Test
  • Segregation
  • Violence
  • water fountains
  • hospitals
  • prison
  • marriage
  • language
  • physical affection
  • shaking hands
  • blackface
  • Illustrated white superiority in South
  • Lasted until 1965
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