Positive Changes in the South
The Rise of Jim Crow
1. Education increases
Primary Source Analysis
*In 1870 - over 80% of A.A. over age 20 were illiterate
1. How does Jim Crow affect the segregation of Public Schools?
2. How do you think education would be different in segregated states?
*But 40% of A.A. children were attending Public School
*Colleges were built specifically for A.A. students
-Ex: Howard University in DC
1865 - 1965
Plessy v. Ferguson
2. Political diversity
*Segregation is "separate but equal"
*Judge Ferguson in Louisiana ruled separation was legal
*Homer Plessy sat in the designated white seats
*Adding A.A. votes changed the political field
*1870-Hiram Revels (MS) becomes first A.A. Senator in the USA
Jim Crow
Ku Klux Klan
- Created in Tennessee in 1865
- "The Invisible Empire of the South"
- Believed in White supremacy
- Leader was known as the Grand Wizard
- Used terror and violence to enforce their beliefs
- Originally against A.A. and Whites who educated A.A. children or fought for advancements of their rights
Black Codes to Jim Crow
- The Black Codes were the early form of Jim Crow Laws
Where does Jim Crow come from?
Jim Crow Laws
- Enacted by Southern states, they legalized segregation between blacks and whites
- Separate in every way including:
- schools
- burials
- transportation
- library
- restaurant
- restrooms
- military
- Examples:
- Voting
- Poll Tax
- Literacy Test
- Segregation
- Violence
- water fountains
- hospitals
- prison
- marriage
- language
- physical affection
- shaking hands
- Illustrated white superiority in South