Unit 6 Period 7 Imperialism-WWII

1800-1890

• Seward- Sec. of State
• GB out of Civil War
• Midway Island
• Canal in Nicaragua
• Alaska

1890's-1914

• Spanish American War
• William McKinley
• Theodore Roosevelt
• William Howard Taft
• Woodrow Wilson

The Progressive Era

• Reform
• Political, economic, social change
• Municipal reform
• Democratization of America
• Capitalism
• The Poor
• Moral Reform
• Progressive Presidents
• Successes and Failures
• Lasting Impact

• MAIN
• Espionage & Sedition Acts
• Suffrage
• 14 Points
• Isolationism

MODERN

• Jazz
• Charleston
• Flappers
• Speakeasies
• "Bathtub Gin"
• "Jazz Age"
• "Roaring Twenties"
• "Era of Excess"
• automobiles
• radio
• movies
• mass consumerism
• airplanes

OLD

• Republican
• Isolationism
• Protestant values
• 18th Amendment
• Nativism
• KKK
• Scopes Trial

• Poland- September 1, 1939
• Blitzkreig
• Denmark, Norway, France
• Cash & Carry 1939
• Selective Service Act- 1.2 m troops, 1940
• Destroyers for Bases- England
• 1940 Election- 54%
• Arsenal of Democracy
• Four Freedoms- speech, religion, want, fear (Norman Rockwell)
• Lend Lease Act- England, USSR, 1941
• Atlantic Charter- War Principles, self-determination, free trade
• Shoot on Sight- July 1941, Greer, Germany
• Japan- froze assets in US, no metal or oil, July 1941, French Indochina, Negotiations, Cordell Hull

African Americans

• Double "V", NAACP, CORE

Mexican Americans

• bracero program, 300,000, Zoot Suit Riots

American Indians

• Navajo Code Talkers, 25,000, 1/2 left reservations

Japanese Americans

• Nisei, 20,000, EO 9066, 100,000 Internment Camps, Korematsu v. US

Women

• 200,000 in uniform, 5m work, married 24%, Rosie the Riveter, less pay, day care

Immigrants

• solidarity, "band of brothers"

Casablanca

• FDR, Churchill,grand strategy, unconditional surrender

Tehran

• Big Three, D-Day,soviets invade Germany

Yalta

• Big Three last, divide Germany, free elections in E. Europe, Declare war on Japan, United Nations in San Francisco

FDR Dies April 12

• Truman

Potsdam

• Stalin, Atlee, Truman, Japan unconditional surrender, war crime trials

Unit 6 Period 7 Imperialism-WWII

1900-1945

FDR Foreign Policy

QUIZ

• Good Neighbor Policy
• Reversed Roosevelt Corollary
• Cuba- nullify Platt Amendment
• Recognized USSR
• Philippines- gradual independence
• Reciprocal trade agreements
• Italy, Japan, Germany- Totalitarian and Fascist regimes come to power
• Neutrality Acts- arms, loans and credit, shipment of arms to Spain
• Spanish Civil War- Lincoln Brigade
• America First Committee
• Appeasement- Ethiopia, Austria, Rhineland, China, Sudetenland (Munich Pact), Czechoslovakia
• Quarantine Speech 1937
• Preparedness- neutrality and arms buildup 1938

First New Deal

• The Three R's
• Brain Trust
• Kitchen Cabinet
• First New Deal (First 100 Days)
• Bank Holiday (EBRA)
• 21st Amendment
• Fireside Chats
• Off gold standard

Great Depression

Life During Depression

• Women-lower pay
• Dust Bowl
• Oakies
• John Steinbeck;Grapes of Wrath
• Soil Conservation Service
• African Americans- excluded
• Improvements-WPA, CCC, 100's of mid level gvt. positions,Marian Anderson,Mary McLeod Bethune (NYA, Council of Negro Affairs)
• American Indians
• BIA, John Collier, CCC, WPA
• Indian Reorganization Act-returned land, No Dawes

Key Concept

7.1, II

• 1928 Election
• 1929 Crash
• 1932 Election
• 1932 Worse Year of Depression
• GNP 104B to 56B
• 20% banks failed
• 13m unemployed (25%)
• End of Republican domination
• All social classes hit
• Women, farmers, blacks hurt worse
• 20th Amendment

Unconstitutional Laws

Industrial Recovery Program

• NRA
• Blue Eagle
• codes for wages, hours
• Schecter v US 1935

Farm Production Control Program

• AAA
• government subsidies to plow under

Black Culture

Focus Questions

14-20

FDR

• NY
• Rich
• Democrat
• Polio
• Eleanor
• 1932,1936,1940, 1944

From Neutrality to War

Resistance to Modernity

• Great Migration
• New Orleans, NYC, St. Louis, Chicago
• Harlem Renaissance- Jazz, literature, art, Langston Hughes, Zora Hurston
• Nationalism-Marcus Garvey, UNIA
• NAACP

Focus Questions

21-25

Second New Deal

• WPA-jobs for everyone
• Resettlement Administration
• Wagner Act- NLRB
• REA
• Federal Taxes, capital gains, inheritance
• Social Security-65, unemployed, disabled, dependent children

• Red Scare
• Palmer Raids
• Emergency Quota Act 1921
• Immigration Act 1924
• Sacco & Vanzetti
• KKK
• Scopes Trial- William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow

1936 Election

WWI

Hoover

• voluntary cooperation (businesses, unions, charities)
• rugged individualism
• too little too late
• Hoover Dam
• Federal Farm Board
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation (trickle down)
• Hawley Smoot Tariff 1930
• Debt Moratorium-Dawes Plan
• Bonus March

• Business generally disliked FDR
• FDR- 60%
• NEW COALITION
• Solid South
• Immigrants from cities
• Midwest farmers
• labor unions
• liberals
• African Americans
• Fair Employment Practice Committee
• A. Philip Randolph

Opponents

Unions Grow

• Liberals
• Business: deficit funding, conservative Democrats
• American Liberty League
• Father Charles Coughlin
• Dr. Francis Townsend
• Huey Long

Last Phase

• 1937-1938
• Recession
• not enough spending
• Keynesian Economics
• Partisanship

• CIO- John Lewis, UMW, unskilled auto, steel, textile
• Strikes- GM, Flint, sit down, UAW
• Steel- some resistance, 1941 all CIO
• Fair Labor Standards Act
• minimum wage
• max week
• 16 child labor

1920's

Imperialism

Supreme Court

• NRA
• AAA
• Court Reorganization Plan: Court Packing, 9

Progressive Presidents

• Theodore Roosevelt
• William Howard Taft
• Woodrow Wilson

WWII

Pearl Harbor

Key Concept

7.3, I

Battlefronts

• December 7, 1941
• 2,400, 1,100 on Arizona
• Declaration of War, Dec.8, Jeanette Rankin
• Allied Powers- FDR, Churchill, Stalin

Impact on Society

Harding and Coolidge

Legacy

Atlantic

• Black outs, radar, sonar, convoys, Tuskegee Airmen

Europe

• North Africa, Italy, France, D-Day June 6, 1944, April 30, 1945 Hitler, May 7, 1945 V-E Day

Pacific

• Doolittle Raid, Island hopping, Iwo Jima, Mt. Suribachi, Okinawa

Atomic Bombs

• Manhattan Project, Dr. Oppenheimer, Alamogordo, NM, Aug. 6, 1945 Hiroshima, Aug. 9 Nagasaki, 250,000

Japan Surrenders

• September 2, 1945, MacArthur, USS Missouri

MODERNISM

• Radio
• Motion Pictures-Hollywood, Charlie Chaplin
• Henry Ford- assembly line
• Automobile
• Aviation- Charles Lindbergh
• Literature- free verse, string of conscience
• Lost Generation- Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gertrude Stein, cynicism
• Southern Renaissance- William Faulkner (Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying)

Harding

• Return to Normalcy
• Big Business
• High tariffs
• Relaxed government control
• Isolationist
• Arms reduction treaties
• Scandal: Ohio Gang. Teapot Dome

• 50 m dead
• 15 m Americans served
• 300,000 Americans died
• 800,000 wounded
• Huge National Debt
• United Nations
• Security Council
• 5 permanent, veto
• General Assembly
• 50
• Cold War
• technology
• US world political and economic leader

Foreign Policy Up to FDR

• Isolationism
• Washington Naval Conference-stop arms race
• Kellogg-Briand Pact
• Advance business- Latin America
• Dollar Diplomacy
• Middle East- oil
• Tariffs- Fordney McCumber, Hawley Smoot
• Dawes Plan
• League of Nations
• Japan-Manchuria
• Italy- Ethiopia
• Stimson Doctrine- refuse to recognize

Coolidge

• Deregulation
• End of Progressivism

Wartime Conferences

Focus Questions

9-13

The Home Front

Holocaust

The New Woman

• 6 million Jews
• 3 million others
• Auschwitz
• genocide
• systematic
• stages

The Stock Market Crash

Mobilization

• Federal- WPB, OWM,OPA, rationing, deficit spending, GNP increased
• Business & Industry- retro fit factories
• Research & development- computers, radar, sonar, penicillin, jet engines, Manhattan Project
• Workers & Unions-Smith Connally Anti Strike Act
• Financing the War- 500B, taxes, war bonds (135B)
• Propaganda-posters, songs, movies, Office of War Information, Warner Bros., Disney

• Breaking down taboos-drinking, smoking, sex
• Clothes and dance
• Most still traditional roles
• 19th amendment
• League of Women Voters
• Alice Paul-Woman's Party, equal rights
• ERA- 1923
• Margaret Sanger
• Service and clerical jobs
• Flappers

• Credit
• Buying On Margin
• Unequal Distribution of Wealth
• High Tariffs
• Laissez Faire
• Overproduction (High Inventories)
• Farmers, Textile, Coal
• Bull Market Collapsed
• Black Tuesday
• October 29, 1929