Pronunciation. Intonation
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The higher the frequency of the vibration of the vocal cords the higher the pitch - tono -.
A change in intonation can completely change the meaning of a sentence.
To make an analysis of the intonation, we will use the musical notation system
and we will represent the intonation using lines and dots
Stressed syllables
Unstressed syllables
The sequence of syllables - short or long - which is broadcast without interruption and is delimited by pauses
Generally these pauses correspond to what in spelling would represent the points, commas, etc.
The boundary between intonation groups will be marked with two vertical lines.
Come! (grup entonatiu curt)
I always go to school by bus (grup entonatiu llarg)
The more you work, the more money you earn (dos grups entonatius dividits
per una pausa marcada per una coma).
English intonation always begins at a pitch that is slightly below the imaginary line that divides the "pentagrama" into two exact halves. This tonal level will be maintained until the accent syllable where the intonation may be ascending or descending, depending on the sentence
The ascending or descending intonation will be represented by a "jump", as represented in the two previous examples, if the accent syllable is not the last syllable of the intonation group. In the example above tomorrow /təˈmɒr·əʊ/ the accent syllable is /ˈmɒ/ and this is followed by an unstressed syllable /r·əʊ/.
We will use a sliding upward or downward when the stress syllable is the last syllable of the intonation group.
Intonation
High frequency
Low frequency
Frequency of vibration
Intonation group
Pentagrama
Conclusions
Ascending & descending
In each intonation group, regardless of its length,
there should be a syllable stress (sentence stress), ie, a stressed syllable has more relevance
and importance than the others.
What is intonation? ...
Tone of voice changes that occur when we speak.
TED
Listen to somebody speaking without paying attention to the words: the melody you hear is the intonation
Statements
Questions with yes / no response
Questions and requests
Questions that begin with an interrogative particle.
Rise
Fall
Questions that begin with an interrogative particle and denote
sympathy or interest, or in which the speaker expresses disbelief or surprise
or when requested clarification, repetition not have understood the first
time.
Exclamations
Phrases that express disagreement.
[in a normal situation would be descending intonation, but in this case introduces an element of surprise or forgotten].
Orders and invitations (Imperative).
(We don’t have much money)