The Seventh Crusade

Negative Aspect for Christians After the Crusades

• The Crusades created a bad reputation for the Roman Catholic Church as a ruthless group of Christians who violently persecuted Jews and Muslims.
• This caused the church to lose many believers (Effects of the Crusades Web).

Negative Aspects during the Crusades

• The senseless violence and wars of the Crusaders caused the persecutions of Jews and Muslims to escalate throughout Europe.
• The death toll was high for Christians and Muslims.
• When Jerusalem was captured, Muslim and Jewish residents in the city were slaughtered, including women and children (Effects of The Crusades Web).

The Seventh Crusade

Sources:

By Christian Francis

Alchin, Linda. "Effects of the Crusades." Effects of the Crusades. 13 Mar. 2015. Web. 9 Apr. 2015."The Seventh Crusade." - Middle Ages for Kids! N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.

Cline, Austin. Pope Innocent IV. Digital image. Pope Innocent IV. 3 Jan. 2008. Web.

Greco, El. King Louis IX. Digital image. Louis IX of France. Web.

Knox, E. L. Skip. "Seventh Crusade." , P.14. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.

"Louis IX (king of France) : Leadership of the Seventh Crusade." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.

"ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies." ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.

"Seventh Crusade, 1248-1254." Seventh Crusade, 1248-1254. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.

How this Crusade Began

What Happened in The Crusade?

• In 1249, Louis IX led his forces to Damietta, Egypt.
• The Crusader armies captured the port, and then moved to the inside of Egypt.
• In 1250, King Louis IX and his forces were defeated at the Battle of Mansourah, and surrendered.
• This was all because King Louis's brother Robert of Artois disobeyed his orders, which were simply to hold the canal bank opposite the causeway until the main body of the army could cross over.
• Instead, he charged into the town of Mansura, and was killed along with most of his cavalry.
• When King Louis' army eventually got there, they were massacred and he was kidnapped.
• He was released 3 months later with a ransom of 600,000 gold livre (Seventh Crusade Web).

• In 1243 Pope Innocent IV called for a new Crusade because he was so religious and anti-muslim.
• He wanted to take over Jerusalem because of the city's significance to the Christian religion.
• After the fall of Jerusalem in 1244, Louis IX answered the call, and spent four years carefully planning the, now called, seventh crusade (The Seventh Crusade Web).

The Seventh Crusade

Outcome

Major Players of the Crusades

• The Crusaders lost a great deal of money from the defeat by Egypt.
• The Crusaders never fully recover from this defeat.
• Louis became very depressed over his failure
• His brother died during the Crusade and many of his friends.
• Eventually, King Louis grew another army and started another crusade however he died of a fever.
• The Muslims were first defeated at the battle of Damietta however they claimed victory at the battle of Al Mansurah.
• Once this crusade had fallen, it would take another generation until another crusade would occur again (ORB of The Medieval Times Web).

About the 7th Crusades

• The Muslim Leaders
• Fakhr-ad-Din
• Sultan Ayub
• Rukn ad-Din Baibars
• Sultan Turanshah

• The French/Crusaders
• King Louis IX
• Alfonso
• Robert of Artois
• The Knights Templar
• Coptic Christians
• Queen Margaret of France

Crusaders

• Pope Innocent IV didn't lead the Crusades but he was the one who brought it upon King Louis that there should be a Crusade.

Fig. 1. Pope Innocent IV. Photograph by Austin Cline, 3 January 2008, 15 April 2015.

• King Louis IX was the leader and planner of most of the Crusade (Louis IX: Leadership of the Seventh Crusade Web).

Fig. 2. King Louis IX. Photograph by El Greco, 15 April 2015.

• The seventh crusade was the last of the major crusades led by King Louis IX of France.
• This crusade was financed by the French from 1248 to 1254 and King Louis brought this crusade under his own initiative.
• King Louis lead this crusade into Egypt against the muslims to take back the holy land and more.
• At first they had success, but later faced a strong Egyptian counter attack which resulted in the capture of his army and himself.
• In the long run, this crusade was a failure and lead to the death of almost all of his 15,000 men he brought to Egypt.
• This crusade brought unintended consequences and causalities and had little affect back at home (The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies Web).

Fig. 3. Crusader vs Muslim Battle. Photograph by John Houk, 23 September 2011, from NeoConservative Rights, 8 April 2015.