SOCIALIZATION
Group 4
SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is the process by which a society transmits its cultural values through its agents. Such as parents and teachers, to individual so that they can function properly as its members. It is the essential link between the individual and society--- link so vital that neither individual nor society could survive without it.
Importance of socialization:
3 Main Elements of Personality:
- Socialization in Relation to Society
Without socialization, no stable society can ever be formed.
- Socialization in Relation to Culture
Socialization is impossible to take place without culture for the latter becomes the object of the former. Culture becomes the immediate reason why socialization occurs. All of us are taught to learn and adopt our own culture.
- Socialization in Relation to Social Institution
The special importance of social institutions on people particularly the growing children and adolescents cannot be ignored. Socialization seems to be more effective if it is institutionalized. This means that socialization done by social institution is ordinarily better than socialization done by just an individual person outside the influence of any institution
- Socialization in Relation to Social Status
Each member should fit himself/herself into a society.
NATURE AND NURTURE
From Instinct to Genes
Edward O. Wilson, a prominent sociobiologist, defines socio-biology as the “systematic study of the biological basis of all social behaviour.” Human behaviour must be explained in the same terms used to explain animal behaviour. Although they admit that the environment influences our behaviour, the emphasize the importance of genetic factors.
Animals are governed by instincts--- fixed traits that are inherited and shared by all members of a species. These inherited mechanisms enable members of the species to perform complex tasks.
Because animals are governed by instincts and humans are also animals, some people reasoned, human behaviour must also be governed by instincts.
According to the 17th philosopher John Locke, the mind of a child was like a tabula rasa (blank state). People became what they were taught to be.
Rather than looking to nature--- what people are taught--- to explain human behaviour, many social scientist look to nature--- what people inherit.
1.The cognitive component of thought, belief, perception, memory, and other intellectual capacities.
2.The emotional component of love, hate, envy, sympathy, anger, pride and other feelings.
3.The behavioural component of skills, aptitudes, competence and other abilities
- Socialization enables the individual to learn the norms, values, languages, skills, beliefs, and other patterns of thought and actions that are essential to social living.
- Socialization enables the society to reproduce itself socially as well as biologically, thus ensuring its continuity from generation to generation.
- One of the most important outcomes of socialization is individual PERSONALITY, the fairly stable patterns of thought, feeling, action that are typical of an individual