Francisco Franco vs. Mussolini

• formed a fascist state
• affected the education system
• used the people to improve Italy's economy

• lead the nationalists
• because he removed all oppression, this made a lot of professionals leave Italy/lose their jobs

• the leader before accepted their arrival
• alliance with Hitler
• support from Catholics
• used police
• censored/used propaganda
• improved economy

Rise to Power

• differences in regional wealth, education and infrastructure
• northern states and southern states
• They had 5 specific governments
• they received little after Treaty of Versailles
• 1919 Mussolini formed the Facist party (originally socialist)
• unemployment grew and political anarchy made the party popular (almost civil war)

Rise to Power ctd.

• Mussolini led a march against the communist
• after this the current leader of Spain Victor Emmanuel III told him to form a government and restore order
• because of fear of Communism
• Mussolini manipulated the democratic government and declared himself dictator in 1925
• declared himself "Il Duce"

How Mussolini Remained in Power

Timeline

1936

the spanish civil war started

1936

Franco becomes head of nationalists

nationalists take over Madrid

1939

Franco meets Hitler

1940

• carried out an extensive public works program
• reduced unemployment
• showed strength through expansion
• invaded Ethiopia in 1935
• sent help to Fascists in Spain
• invaded Greece in 1940
• alliance with Hitler
• used the Black Shirts to do the dirty work
• agreement with Pope (support from Catholics)
• censored the press
• education policies
• they were facist oriented, successful, advertised war to the younger generation

1947

Franco becomes leader of Spain

1975

Franco dies of natural causes

Franco's Rise to Power

• After the dictatorship of King Alfonso XIII, elections introduced the Second Republic
• the new republicans controlled the power of the military, church and property owning elites
• there was disorder on both sides of the political spectrum, street violence, political killings
• once leftist won elections of 1936, Franco (rightist) thought of a coup

How He Stayed in Power

Franco's Rise to Power ctd.

• Franco gained more popularity from his success in the military
• in 1936 new elections were held, the leftists won
• Spain was still in chaos
• Franco joined the rebels
• Franco ordered a big army to Madrid, crushed the leftists, and was selected to be leader
• received support of the Italians and Germany
• Franco slowly took control of Spain and was the official "El Caudillo"

Style and policies of the dictator

Mussolini vs Franco

• Franco stayed neutral during WWII despite siding with Germany and Italy
• after the war, he became very anti-communist, which got him support from the U.S. (air and naval bases)
• was very strict with the police and the military
• had networks that helped stop any opposition

• nationalist interests, wanted a self-sustaining Italy
• government, workers, and employers to come together
• settled land, and political disputes with the Church
• desired order and sufficiency in Italy's lifestyle
• terror tactics, secret police for those who were against him

Franc0

Mussolini

Franco's Success

• improved the economy
• cities developed
• people of the country looked for jobs and moved to the city
• turned Spain into a world power

Styles and Policies

Success of Mussolini

Mussolini's Timeline

1919

-Forms the Fascist Party in Italy

1925

-declared himself "Il Duce"

1928

-modifies electoral system (no more choosing), end of women's rights

1936

-alliance with Germany

1940

-Mussolini joins Hitler to declare

war against France and Britain

• Used the police force to control citizens
• women lost their equality to men
• minor economic and relaxed controls helped improve the economy
• sent political radicals to labor camps
• turned Spain into having a single cultural identity

1943

-resigns and gets arrested

1945

-Mussolini captured an hanged by Italian partisans

• military success
• confronted well, wanted to work people (did not kill them), controlled the people
• improves economy, saved from a Depression, a more self-sufficient Italy
• but there were a lot of monopolies controlling sectors of the economy
• new electoral reforms
• majority of votes = majority of seats in parliament

Sources:

http://www.historymole.com/cgi-bin/main/results.pl?theme=10025525

http://www.biography.com/people/benito-mussolini-9419443

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/benito-mussolini

http://ibatpv.org/projects/italy/mussolini.domestic.policy.htm

http://www.biography.com/people/francisco-franco-9300766#dictatorship-wwii

Mussolini vs. Francisco Franco

Adriana Ixba