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Transcript

Kootenai

  • some east, some west of continental divide
  • long-time residents
  • written record of contact with British & Canadian traders in the mid to late 1700s
  • Kootenai may be some of the longest residents of Montana

Salish (Flathead)

  • originate in Puget Sound, migrate east
  • by 1700, Salish in west and southwest Montana
  • Bitteroot & Big Hole River Valley
  • Seasonal stays near Three Forks

Pend O'reille

  • originate out west
  • migrate into Idaho and western Montana

Blackfeet

  • originate in Great Lakes Region
  • migrate west before 1700s
  • as of 1700, almost entirely in Canada
  • early 1700s, push down into northern MT
  • near Milk River, Marias River, Sweetgrass Hills

Gros Ventre

  • closely aligned with the Blackfeet
  • just east of the Blackfeet
  • early 1700s, push down into north, central MT

Crow

  • enter MT in late 1600s from the east
  • developed out of Hidatsa Indians on the Great Plains, North Dakota
  • Crow are westernmost band of Hidatsu, but disband into south & SE Montana
  • friendly with the Shoshone

Assiniboine & Cree

  • further east of Gros Ventre, in Canada
  • served as middlemen between English, French traders and the Gros Ventre, Blackfeet
  • this is how Gros Ventre & Blackfeet gain access to European goods

Shoshone

  • origins in Utah & the Great Basin region
  • move into SW Montana in the 1500s
  • settle near headwaters of the Missouri River
  • summer forays into Judith River Basin to hunt bison

Nez Perce & Spokane

  • occupy Idaho & NE Washington
  • seasonal forays into Montana to hunt bison
  • combined hunts with Salish

The big take away

Modern Montana tribes enter the region as part of a ripple effect of expanding Atlantic settlements of Europeans.

Native American begin to be displaced by European settlement

Montana in the 1700s

Tribes & Culture

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