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Estates General

Phillip IV or AKA the king who caused the Avignon Papacy

Argument with Pope Boniface III

Taxing clergy

Avignon Papacy

1302

Early Middle Ages

Henry II

  • Monarchs were at the top of society, but had little power.

England

  • Inherited throne in 1154
  • Justice System
  • Grand jury
  • Jury
  • Conflict with Church
  • Thomas Becket (Archbishop of Canterbury)
  • Trying clergy in regular court
  • 1170
  • Saint Thomas

Brief History of England

  • Early Middle Ages - invaded by Angles, Saxons, and Vikings
  • Feudalism developed = kings kept country united

French Kings

After Charlemagne, France was not unified.

  • 987 - Hugh Capet
  • Next 300 years

Impact of the Magna Carta

Phillip II

Louis IX

  • Nobles had rights
  • Created Parliament
  • Money

Perfect Medieval Monarch

1226-1270

Ruled during John II's reign

By the time he died in 1223 he was the most powerful ruler in Europe

  • Improved government
  • Led 2 crusades
  • Persecuted Jews & heretics
  • ENDED SERFDOM!
  • Government was efficient centralized monarchy

Strong English Monarchs

Norman Conquest

  • 1066 King Edward died w/o an heir
  • Council of Nobles picked Harold - King's brother-in-law
  • William of Normandy claimed throne
  • William would gain Pope's favor and England at Battle of Hastings
  • land for himself
  • vassals-allegiance
  • Domesday Book
  • Created Royal Treasury

King John

Son of Henry II

Lost to Phillip II of France

Argued with Pope Innocent III over appointment of Archbishop of Canterbury

Bad Ruler

1215

Growth of Royal Power in England and France

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