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Theme:

Maturity

A state of wisdom or understanding as a result of age or experiences (also the process towards this state).

At the beginning of the story, the narrator obediently learns the Koran and partakes in the traditions of his religion. He idolizes his grandfather because he is the boy's main influence in life.

The narrator matures when he begins to form opinions and make decisions based on his own personal knowledge and experience. By the end of the story, the boy understands the differences between his morals and his grandfather's. He no longer blindly idolizes his grandfather when he judges who his grandfather truly is based on his actions.

Theme:

Moral questions

The contemplation of ethics, beliefs and values.

Foreshadowing

After finally seeing the cold-hearted nature of his grandfather, not only does the narrator begin to feel discomfort towards the grandfather, the narrator also finds doubt in himself, questioning everything the old man taught him.

Specifically, the narrator ponders on his religious belief, realizing that the man who encouraged reading the Chapter of the Merciful, was not merciful, himself.

In a powerful way, Tayeb Salih reminds the reader that questioning the morals of those closest to you gives you a better perspective of your own morals.

"'Palm trees, my boy, like humans, experience joy and suffering.'" (127)

As the passage states, humans experience both joy and suffering. Since the narrator has already in the beginning of the story experienced joy, this quotation foreshadows that he will also experience suffering.

Beginning: "I used to love the mosque, and I loved the river too... I loved to give rein to my imagination... I loved [my grandfather]"(124-125)

End: "I experienced a sharp sensation of pain in my chest," "I hated him," and "...it was as though I carried within me a secret I wanted to rid myself of." (128)

Symbols

Characterization

Palm tree:

  • Human beings
  • Potential for emotion
  • "I pictured the palm tree as something with feeling..." (127).

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

"Don't cut the heart"(126):

  • Morals over materialistic possessions

Represents:

  • Currency
  • People's wealth and possessions (or lack, thereof)
  • Consequences of wealth

(social status, greed)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

  • The grandfather's teachings
  • Narrator's attitude towards the grandfather

The Heart of the Palm

Dates

Conflict

  • antagonist
  • flat, realistic, static

The boy's grandfather is the only present father-figure to the child. He is a cold, merciless, wealthy man who earned his success.

  • the neighbour
  • round, realistic, static

Masood is an "indolent man" (125) who repays the debt he owes to the grandfather with the dates he harvests. The young boys takes a liking to Masood because of his "beautiful voice", "powerful laugh" (126), and poetic nature.

  • protagonist
  • flat, realistic, dynamic

The narrator is a young Islamic boy in North Africa raised by his grandfather. He enjoys learning the Koran, looks up to his grandfather, and has an active imagination. The boy comes to understand that his grandfather is not an idol.

Grandfather

Masood

Narrator

Heart of the Palm

Dates

As a result of witnessing the conflict between the grandfather and Masood, the narrator struggles to maintain an optimistic view about the world, the goodness of people and himself.

  • The narrator doubts his religious beliefs and the idea of a perfect world made by God.

"The Sheikh always asked me to stand up and recite the Chapter of the Merciful..." (124).

"This was news to me for I had imagined that the land had belonged to my grandfather ever since God's creation" (125).

  • He also questions his aspirations, unsure whether he truly wishes to grow up like his grandfather.

Grandfather vs. Narrator

The grandfather is gradually claiming the date farms that Masood inherited.

  • The grandfather sees Masood as lazy, and says that "I don't like such people" (125)
  • The narrator notices that Masood is dissatisfied with his situation and the grandfather, hearing "him make a noise in his throat like the rasping of a lamb being slaughtered" (128) after hearing of his remaining debt to the grandfather.
  • Yet, neither person tells the other about their dislike towards them

The narrator feels discomfort towards his grandfather's greed and lack of mercy for Masood

  • This causes the narrator to feel conflicted between his Islamic virtues and his grandfather's attitudes.
  • Thus, the narrator runs away from his grandfather, spews out his gifts (the dates), and decides that he hates him.

Narrator

The Grandfather

Masood

Grandfather vs. Masood

Character vs. Character

Character vs. Self

Narrator

External

Internal

"I ran off into the distance. Hearing my grandfather call after me, I hesitated a little, then continued on my way. I felt at that moment that I hated him...it was as though I carried within me a secret I wanted to rid myself of" (128).

Decisions

and Maturity

4.

3.

When do you start to disagree with your parents and form your own opinions and decisions? What provokes the disagreement?

"A Handful of Dates"

How does wealth change a person's values and behaviours?

"I didn't own a single feddan when I first set foot in this village ... I think that before Allah calls to him I shall have bought the remaining third as well" (126).

"... forty years ago all this belonged to Masood—two thirds of it is now mine" (125).

Wealth and Power

2.

1.

How do the conflicts of others affect you?

Tayeb Salih

Who are your role models?

"I do not know why it was I felt fear at my grandfather's words—and pity for our neighbour Masood. How I wished my grandfather wouldn't do what he'd said!" (126).

External and Internal Conflict

How do they influence you?

Relationships and Influences

"I never used to go out with my father, rather it was my grandfather who would take me with him wherever he went" (124).

"...never in my life have I seen anything of purer whiteness or greater beauty. My grandfather must also have been extremely tall, for I never saw anyone in the whole area address him without having to look up at him..." (125).

"I loved him and would imagine myself, when I grew to be a man ... like him" (125).

A Seminar by: Jayna Joachim and Jonathan Reyes

Works Cited

Salih, Tayeb. "A Handful of Dates." Trans. Denys Johnson-Davies.

Viewpoints 11. By Amanda Joseph and Wendy Mathieu. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 2001. 123-29. Print.

"Tayeb Salih." Goodreads 2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.

Wisner, Geoff. “Tayeb Salih: 1929-2009.” Words Without Borders

23 Feb. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2014.

Have a great day!

Jayna Joachim and Jonathan Reyes

Ms. Muscat

ENG3U2-01

20 November 2014

plOT sUMMARY

Tayeb Salih

Biography

  • A young Islamic boy is raised by his grandfather
  • The grandfather admits that he does not like their neighbour Masood
  • Masood is lazy, has lost two-thirds of his date farm to the grandfather, and is in further debt
  • Masood pays what he can with the dates harvested
  • The narrator sees his grandfather as the cold, merciless debt-collector that he is
  • He runs away, wanting no part in his grandfather's actions.
  • Born in Marawi, Sudan in 1929
  • Studied at the University of Khartoum and the University of London
  • Best known for the novel Season of Migration to the North (1967)
  • Wrote 3 other novels and a collection of short stories
  • Wrote about life in the Middle East
  • Died in 2009, at age 80

“There are many horizons that must be visited, fruit that must be plucked, books read, and white pages in the scrolls of life to be inscribed with vivid sentences in a bold hand.” – Tayeb Salih (Season of Migration to the North)

Key Elements of Fiction

Point of View:

First Person Retrospective

Physical Setting:

Rural Northeast Africa by the Nile River

Temporal Setting:

Present/Recent Past

Mood and Atmosphere:

Frustration, Doubt, Fear, Anxiety

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