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The Evolution of Elephants Through History
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The Evolution of Elephants Through History
Evolution of Elephants
Works Cited
Cladogram of Elephants
This diagram shows the ancestry for the two types of african elephants
"Tethytheria, the ancestors of the elephants." elephants.se. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/tethytheria.php>.
"Proboscidea, the mammal order of Trunk animals." Elephant Encyclopaedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/proboscidea.php>
"The family elephantidae, elephants." Elephant encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/elephants.php>.
"African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana africana)." Elephant encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/african_bush_elephant
"African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis)." Elephant Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/african_forest_ele
"Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)." Elephant encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. <http://www.elephant.se/asian_elephant.php>.
Laden, Greg. "There are two species of African Elephants." Science Blogs. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2013. <http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/12/21/there-are-two-species-of-afric/>.
Elephantidae
This is the family to which all elephants and their closest and most recent relative, the woolly mammoth belong.
African Bush Elephants
Loxodonta africana africana
Loxodonta africana cyclotis
Ancestors of modern elephants
Asian Elephants
Homologous & Analogous Structures
This species currently lives in parts of southern and central Africa, where it is a threatened species due to poaching and habitat destruction
Elephas maximus
The african forest elephant is a subspecies of African Elephants which may be upgraded to its own species due to the difference in size between it and other african elephants.
Elephant feet posses toes, which are similar to human philanges and serve the same purpose
(aiding in balance)
Analogus Structure
Commonly called the Indian Elephant, this species exists on the Indian subcontinent as well as islands in the indian ocean
Elephant trunks serve the same purpose as human arms, however, their structure is completely different
Homologus Structure
The Tethytheria
Tethytheria is the oldest of the trunked animals and was the parent species for modern manatees and elephants
Proboscidea
This order, to which elephants belong contains the extinct mammoth as well as other closer relatives of the modern african and asian elephants.