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Folk and Pop Culture Art in France

Updated Nov. 13, 2015

Transcript

By: Grace Hao and Joni Goh

Folk Artist: Claude Monet

Pop Artist: Martial Raysse

Works Cited

Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

Cigainero, Jake. "Martial Raysse Takes Center Stage at Last." The New York Times. The New York Times, 18 June 2015. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

Dagen, Philippe. "Martial Raysse Retrospective 1960-2014 Review - Furiously Modern." The Guardian. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

Dagen, Philippe. "Martial Raysse Retrospective 1960-2014 Review - Furiously Modern." Theguardian. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

The Famous Tire Scene. N.d. CNN. Web. 5 Nov. 2015.

"Impressionism (late 1800s)." Impressionism (late 1800s). N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

"Impressionism Movement, Artists and Major Works." The Art Story. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

THE END

Martial Raysse is a French artist born in Golfe-Juan on 12 February 1936.
He lives in Issigeac, France.
At a 2011 Christie’s auction in London, a Raysse painting, “Last Year in Capri sold for $6.58 million, the most expensive price paid at auction for a work by living French artist.
Born in Golfe-Juan near Nice in 1936, Mr. Raysse, whose father was a ceramicist, recalled that Pablo Picasso was his neighbor on the corner.
He briefly studied literature before emerging as a self-taught artist and riding the wave of New Realism in 1959.
Mr. Raysse said the more conservative mid- and high-range galleries would not represent him.
Martial Raysse, one of the major artists of the second half of the 20th century, is the only French nouveau réaliste (an artistic movement) that can be applied to the word "pop."
His most famous works of art include Made in Japan, Suddenly Last Summer, Tableau presque cuvé, Conversation printaniere, and Last Year in Capri.

Claude Monet was a famous French painter whose work gave a name to the art movement Impressionism.
Claude Monet was born on November 14, 1840, in Paris, France
At an early age, Monet developed a love of drawing. He filled his schoolbooks with sketches of people, including caricatures of his teachers.
From 1861 to 1862, Monet served in the military and was stationed in Algiers, Algeria, but he was discharged for health reasons
Despite the praise he received, he still struggled financially.
His married Camille Doncieux on June 28, 1870
The couple experienced great hardship around the birth of their first son, Jean, in 1867.
This resulted in an attempted suicide by trying to drown himself in the Seine River
Monet gained financial security and artistic success during the late 1880s and 1890s,
The average price of Monet's works is $ 7,020 million.
Some of his most well known artworks include Impression Sunrise, Water Lily Pond, Poppies, Garden at Sainte-Adresse, Vetheuil in the Fog, and Women in the Garden

New Realism, as diffused by Martial Raysse, was done so by a set group of people. Impressionism, as diffused by Monet, was diffused by multiple people, but all at different times, and in different ways.
When diffused to America, New Realism wasn't as popular as Impressionism.
The diffusion and popularity of impressionism faded in 20 years.
The diffusion and popularity of New Realism faded in about 5 years.
Impressionism diffused more internationally.

Nouveau Réalisme (new realism), a term used to describe a trend away from abstract expressionism toward a subjective expressionism focusing on true-to-life forms, the factual, and easily evident forms.
An artistic movement founded in 1960 that Martial Raysse had large contributions to
The first exhibition of the nouveaux réalistes (what they called themselves) took place in November 1960 at the Paris "Festival d'avant-garde."
This exhibition was followed by others:
In May 1961 at the Gallery J. in Paris;
Premier Festival du Nouveau Réalisme, in Nice from July til September 1961 at the Muratore Gallery and the Abbaye de Roseland;
International Exhibition of the New Realists, a survey of contemporary American Pop Art and the Nouveau Réalisme movement at the Sidney Janis Gallery in New York at the end of 1962;
Biennale of San Marino in 1963

Raysse finds his ideas, subjects and methods in the present.
From the beginning, his ideas were clear.
In 1957 he assembled objects made of plastic, groceries, bottles and brushes, turning them into reliquaries for the consumer society.
His early work was an interpretation of postwar prosperity and the joy that infected the 1960s as a remedy to forget the horrors of World War II.
He personally experienced many of these horrors, originating and inspiring his art.
Those horrors included being pulled from his bed by the Gestapo in the middle of the night.
His parents were part of the Resistance, and his godmother was tortured to death.
Suffering hunger and poverty after escaping with his mother, the Resistance, he said, “conditioned all of my life.”

The first paintings of France are those that are from prehistoric times, painted in the caves of Lascaux well over 10,000 years ago.
Impressionism was developed in France by artists such as Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Camille Pissarro.
Impressionism originated in Paris. Paris was the major European art center of the late 1800's.
A critic insultingly dubbed Monet's painting style "Impression," since it was more concerned with form and light than realism, and the term stuck.
Monet's artistic skills originated in the community, and he became well-known for his caricatures.
After meeting Eugene Boudin, a local landscape artist, Monet started to explore the natural world in his work. Boudin introduced him to painting outdoors, or plein air painting, which would later become the cornerstone of Monet's work.

Impressionism, originally developed by Claude Monet, developing in Paris in the 1860s.
Its influence spread throughout Europe and eventually the United States.
Impressionism later became an international art movement,
After 1875, impressionism became widely accepted and began to influence artists in other European countries.
Prominent painters outside France added elements of impressionism to their work.
By the end of the 1800's, impressionism had spread to the United States.
By 1890, impressionism had begun to fade as a movement. Differences in individual styles increased as artists moved in separate directions.

Impressionism was a movement that was founded or created by Monet. New Realism was a movement that Raysse was just a part of.
Both originated in France.
Raysse's art originated from his horrors and experiences.
Horrible events, and deaths that occurred in his life inspired him.
Monet's art originated from his community, and his love for the outdoors.
Raysse didn't just paint, but also sculpted.
Both artists struggled financially.