Isaac Newton and Christopher Wren

Isaac Newton,Christopher Wren and Stephen Hawking

Stpehen Hawking

• He was born on born 8 January 1942
• Hawking is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
• Together with Roger Penrose, he experimented

“Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity”.

• He discovered that black holes aren’t completely black.

Personal life against sclerosis

- In 1675, Wren was commissioned to design the Royal Observatory at Greenwich. In 1682, a hospital in Chelsea for retired soldiers and in 1696 a hospital for sailors in Greenwich. Other buildings include Trinity College Library in Cambridge (1677 - 1692), and the facade of Hampton Court Palace (1689 - 1694).

-Wren died on February 25, 1723, and was the first person to be buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral. His gravestone features the Latin inscription which translates as: 'If you seek his memorial, look about you.'

Legacy

-He changed the face of London.

Christopher Wren and the Great Fire

- The Great Fire of London provided a huge opportunity for Wren.

- Wren designed 51 new city churches, as well as the new St Paul's Cathedral.

- In 1669, he was appointed surveyor of the royal works which effectively gave him control of all government building in the country.

- The King also had Wren design a monument to the Great Fire, which stands still today at the site of the bakery which started it all, on a street now named Monument Street.

The St. Paul's Cathedral

- Is well known as Christopher Wren Master piece.

- He took a decade to design it and 40 years to build it, finishing it at the age of 66 years old.

-St. Paul’s Cathedral survives as London’s most iconic building.

The Great Fire, 1666

-The Great Fire of London began on the night of September 2, 1666, as a small fire on Pudding Lane, in the bakeshop of Thomas Farynor, baker to King Charles II.

-Most London houses were of wood and pitch construction, dangerously flammable, and it did not take long for the fire to expand.

-The Duke of York (later King James II) order to create a fire break, and the fire finally died down.

-The Great Fire, destroyed 13,000 houses and 89 churches, and the fire of 1676, destroyed over 600 houses. These two fires changed the face of London forever.

Sir Christopher Wren

- Christopher Wren was born on October 20, 1632 in East Knoyle, Wiltshire.

-Wren was educated at Westminster School and then Oxford University.

- In 1657, Wren was appointed professor of astronomy at Gresham College in London and four years later, professor of astronomy at Oxford.

- 1662, he was one of the founding members of the Royal Society.

- In 1664 and 1665, Wren was commissioned to design the Sheldonian Theatre in Oxford and a chapel for Pembroke College, Cambridge and from then on, he earn his reputation as an architect.

Final years

Principia

- In 1689, he was elected to represent Cambridge in Parliament.

-In 1696,Newton was appointed warden of the Royal Mint, and in 1699 was promoted to master of the mint.

- In 1703, Newton was elected president of the Royal Society upon Robert Hooke's death.

-In 1705, he was knighted by Queen Anne of England.

- He died on March 20, 1727, at the age of 85. And was buried In Westminster Abbey.

- Philosophiae, Natrualis, Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)was published in 1687.

Legacy

Proffesional Life

- His book Principia is to science what Mona Lisa is to art.

-He was declared one of the greatest genius that ever lived.

- Books:

•Method of Fluxions (1671)

•Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (1687)

•Opticks (1704)

•Arithmetica universalis (1707)

- With his discoveries in optics, motion and mathematics, Newton developed the principles of modern physics.

- He's considered as one of the greatest minds of the 17th century Scientific Revolution.

-Opticks (1704)

MOTION THREE BASIC LAWS

1) A stationary body will stay stationary unless an external force is applied to it

2) Force is equal to mass times acceleration, and a change in motion is proportional to the force applied

3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Sir Isaac Newton

Conclusion

-Rivalry with Robert Hooke

- Born on January 4th, 1643. Whoolsthrope, Lincolnshire, England.

- In 1661 he enrolled in Cambridge University.

-In 1669 he was appointed second Lucasian proffesor of mathematics at Cambridge.

- In 1672 he was named fellow of the Royal Society.

Introduction

- Enlightenment

-Royal Society