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The History of Drama Therapy

By Alison Hudson

Drama Therapy

Drama Therapy in the United States

A Taste of Drama Therapy

Psychodrama

  • Defined as a form of action psychotherapy where individuals play roles for therapeutic purposes
  • Differences between drama therapy and psychodrama
  • Two independent strands of drama therapy developed in England and the United States

National Association for Drama Therapy

  • Gertrud Schattner worked Bellevue Psychiatric Hospital and edited the first major U.S. publication on drama therapy.
  • Three most influential pioneers
  • Renée Emunah
  • David Read Johnson
  • Robert Landy

  • Founded by Jacob Levy Moreno in early 20th century
  • The protagonist reenacts disturbing experiences from their life in front of an audience of peers
  • Audience supports the protagonist and shares their feelings following the enactment
  • Defined as a form of action psychotherapy
  • Founded in 1979 by prominent practitioners and researchers in the United States
  • Led to the development of the training programs in New York and San Francisco
  • Paved the way for an international think-tank of drama therapy trainers and educators in 1994

A Short Exercise!

English Drama Therapy

Modes of Drama Therapy

  • Improvisations and acting with props
  • Allows drama therapists greater insight
  • Openness to interpretation can lead to certain improvisations being interpreted drastically differently depending on the therapist
  • Scene work
  • Drama therapy works well because many patients communicate interactively rather than introspectively
  • Experimental theatre and improvisational theatre were important influences
  • Peter Slade coined term dramatherapy
  • Sue Jennings defined parameters of the field and extended its scope
  • Sue Jennings also published Remedial Drama
  • Marion Lindkvist founded Sesame
  • Aldia Gersie, Phil Jones, and Roger Grainger
  • Find a partner.
  • Choose who will be the player and who will be the instrument.
  • The instruments stand up straight and relaxed, take a deep breath, and begin to exhale producing a uniform, consistent sound (preferably using the vowel “a”). They repeat the sound for three consecutive breaths.
  • The players move the instruments' bodies, swing their limbs, play with their face, shoulders, etc., tapping on various parts of their bodies so as to alter the sound they produce.
  • After 3 consecutive breaths, they swap roles; everyone should play at least twice in each role.

References

  • Davis, K. L. [Kristi Lynn Davis]. (2011, Oct. 25). A taste of drama therapy. [Video File]. Retrieved from https:// www.youtube.com/ watch?v=CwacYiATS-E.
  • Drama Therapy Exercises by Susana Pendzik
  • Emunah, R. (1997). Drama therapy and psychodrama: An integrated model. International Journal Of Action Methods: Psychodrama, Skill Training, And Role Playing, 50(3), 108-134.
  • Lippe, W. A. (1992). Stanislavski's affective memory as a therapeutic tool. Journal Of Group Psychotherapy, Psychodrama & Sociometry, 45(3), 102-111.
  • Malchiodi, C. A. (2005). Expressive therapies. New York: Guilford Press.
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