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Introduction

Strong Influence:

1) Ancient Rome influenced modern architecture, art, engineering, language, philosophy, and law.

2) Before we cover Rome’s influences on the modern world, we are going to discuss how the mighty Roman Empire came to an end.

The End of the Empire in the West

The End!:

1) Many problems contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire; First, Rome never solved the problem of how to peacefully transfer political power to a new and capable leader.

2) Second, to finance Rome’s huge armies, its citizens had to pay heavy taxes; These taxes hurt the economy and drove people into poverty.

Chapter 37: The Legacy Of Rome In The Modern World

The End con't

3) Third, the huge size of the empire made it hard to defend; By the 300’s, Germanic tribes started invading the western part of the empire.

4) In 330 C.E., Emperor Constantine took a step that would forever change Rome; He created a second capital city in the eastern part of the empire (he named the city New Rome, but it was later changed to Constantinople).

Rome Splits

Influence of Rome

Law and Justice

Art

Law And Justice:

*Modern law codes in European countries like France and Italy are based in part on ancient Roman laws.

*The idea of making the court system a just and fair place that respected people’s rights came from the Romans.

*The idea of a judge making a decision based on law also stems from the Romans.

Art:

*Developed the art of gem and metal cutting; Cameos (a gem that is carved to show a person’s head or a scene).

*Roman styles (showing of dignity and nobility) of art were especially popular in the early days of the United States.

*Invented the idea of bringing a sense of style and luxury to every day items.

5) Rome now had two parts (and two emperors), one in the west (with Rome as the capital) and one in the east (with Constantinople as the capital).

6) As the empire was split into two, Germanic tribes invaded the western part of the empire; By 476 C.E., the last emperor from the west was driven from Rome.

7) The western half of the old Roman Empire began to dissolve into separate kingdoms ruled by various Germanic tribes.

8) The eastern half of the old Roman Empire survived for another 1,000 years; It was called the Byzantine Empire.

Architecture

Language

Language:

*We still use the Latin alphabet (although the Romans only had 23 letters).

*Many of our words are derived from Latin.

*Many modern languages such as Italian, French, and Spanish developed from Latin.

*Still use Roman numerals.

Architecture:

*Developed the idea of how to use the arch, the vault, and the dome to create huge buildings; Vault is an arch used to support a ceiling, a dome is a vault in a shape of a hemisphere.

*Made widespread use of concrete.

*Invented a new kind of building, a stadium.

*You can see a Roman influence in the design of many modern churches, banks, and governmental buildings (Capitol Building).

Engineering

Engineering:

*Their techniques for creating roads (layers of stone, sand, and gravel) set the standard for road building for 2,000 years.

*The Romans also set new standards for building aqueducts; Aqueducts brought water from about 60 miles away to Rome’s wealthiest citizens, public baths, and fountains.

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