Rural to urban migration - Brazil
Migration in an LEDC - from Caatinga in Northeast Brazil to Sao Paulo
Impact of Migration
A little about Brazil
Brazil
Push and Pull factors influencing the migration
Social, economic and political effects
Positive effects:
- More land is left for the people who stay in the countryside to farm. This increases food supplies and quality of life.
- Money earned from rural to urban migrants can be sent home to families in the village improving living standards.
Negative effects:
- As the most active leave the village farming will be difficult and left to women, children and the elderly.
- The very young and very old tend to be left behind creating an imbalance in the Population structure – negative effects on social activities and recreation.
Push -
- Difficult for farmers to produce enough food to sustain their subsistence way of life.
- There is no piped water, electricity or sanitation.
- Low unreliable rainfall causes droughts.
- Poor working and living conditions
- Low wages, poor soil few crops grown, Drought and famine are common, inadequate water supplies, poor electricity supplies, flooding and conflict.
Pull -
- Job in cities like Sao Paulo
- People think there are better job prospects and regular work that is not as back breaking.Better access to services and better transport links
- Lack of schools and clinics in the area. Belief children will get a better education in the city
- The glamorous image of the city and ‘bright lights’ attracts people.
- A perceived better quality of life (not always a reality)
- Access to a reliable water supply
- Better services like healthcare and education, as well as electricity and a better social life and entertainment present