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Tobacco Mosaic Virus
3
Transcript
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Molecular mechanisms
- Spread through small wounds caused by handling, insects, or broken leaf hairs that result from leaves rubbing together
- Virus attaches to the cell wall, injects its RNA into the host cell and replicates
- New viruses form and infect other cells by passing through small openings that connect adjacent plant cells
- This allows the virus to take over metabolic processes without killing cells.
Symptoms
- Development of "mosaic" or mottled pattern of light and dark green areas in the leaves
- Small localized random wrinkles
- "Mosaic Burn", large dead areas in the leaves
- Infected leaves may be crinkled, puckered, or elongated.
Affected Organisms
Transmission
- Infected plant debris that remain in the soil
- Infected tobacco products, either on workers hands or in smoke
- Insects
- Known to affects over 125 plant species
- Common plants that are affected:
- Tobacco
- Tomatoes
- Cucumbers
- Peppers
Treatment
Basic Structure
- Sanitation: removing infected plants and washing hands between each planting
- Seeds that carry TMV externally can be treated by acid extraction or trisodium phosphate
- Rod Shaped
- Single strand of RNA
wrapped in protein
molecules
Epidemiology
Life Cycle
- TMV outbreak in Georgia in 2000
- $5.42 mil in damage
- The virus uses the proteins on its outer shell to establish a connection with a cell
- The virus's genetic content enters the cell
- The virus takes control of the host cell's replication mechanisms
- The virus begins making copies of itself
- The newly created viruses are released and the cell dies
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