Freud and Piaget

Freud and Piaget

This is an explanation of theories of two people, Sigmund Freud and Jean Paiget, who made an impact of Psychology.

The theories include

• Freud's Psychodynamic theory of Personality Development
• Paiget’s Cognitive theory of Development

Piaget

1896-1980

Binet Institute 1920s

• where he first thought of his experiments

Jean Jacques Rousseau Institute in Geneva

• Became co-director

University of Neuchatel

• Doctorate Zoology
• Later was a professor at the University

Cognitive Theory of Development

Strengths and Criticisms

Strengths

• Practical use for understanding children
• changed how people study children

Criticisms

• Failed to take social and cultural setting into consideration
• small sample size
• test were difficult to understand

He believed children are born with a basic mental structure

• basis of future knowledge

Also that children go through specific stages

• get certain skills

Stages of Development

• Sensorimotor (Birth-2 years)
• simple learning takes place
• external objects exist when not visible
• Preoperational (2-7 years)
• own view points as only one possible
• lacks ability to make generalizations
• Concrete Operational (7-11 years)
• thought becomes logical
• consider other view points
• Formal operational (>11 years)
• logical reasoning
• draw conclusions and solve problems

Assimilation and Accommodation

Impact

Theory still used in schools today

• helped start specific learning activities

Helped understand children thought process

• that children think differently and that childhood is an important stage in development

Major contribution

• Children learn through experience

Schema

• repeatable action sequence that process component actions that are interconnected by a core meaning

Assimilation

• existing schema for dealing with new situations
• ex: child sees a strange dog breed but still knows it’s a dog

Accommodation

• existing schema needs to be altered to deal with new situations
• ex: Child thinks all dogs are friendly. One day dog becomes aggressive when child approaches it. Child knows that all dogs aren't friendly.

My Personality

Freud

May 6, 1856-September 23, 1939

Had cancer of the mouth

University of Vienna

• Medical degree 1881

Impact and Followers

Stages of Development

Impact

• realized importance of childhood
• still influential
• cultural differences have impact

Followers

• Anna Freud
• Daughter
• C.G. Jung
• "Analytical Psychology"
• Alfred Adler
• "Individual Psychology"

Developmental Stages

• Oral (birth-12 months)
• get satisfaction from mouth
• Anal (1-2 years)
• pleasurable sensations from anal region
• independence
• learns word “no”
• Phallic (3-6 years)
• pleasurable sensations from genital region

sexual identity

• Latent (6 years-puberty)
• quiet stage
• no sexual development and emotional tension decreases

normal homosexual phase

• Genital (puberty-death)
• sexual drive reawakened
• concern over appearance
• identity crisis

Big 5

• Openness to Experience/Intellect- Low
• Down-to-Earth
• narrow interests
• uncreative
• familiar experiences
• Conscientiousness- High
• well-organized
• reliable
• Extraversion-Low
• quiet time
• reserved
• introverted
• Agreeableness-High
• good natured
• forgiving
• Neuroticism-High
• nervous
• insecure

Jung Typology Test

• ISFJ
• need to be needed- desire to help
• often unappreciated
• extremely loyal
• good in small or one-on-one groups

Some Theory

Psychodynamic Theory

Defense Mechanisms

• Repression
• thoughts are pulled into unconcious
• Denial
• blocking the existance of events
• Regression
• move back in psychological development
• Displacement
• redicertion of an emotion to a different target
• Sublimation
• displace emotion to a constructive activity

Freudian Slips

• Mistake in speech or writing reveals unconscious thoughts/desires

Behavior governed by unconscious

• rooted in childhood

3 parts

• id (unconscious)
• ego (conscious)
• super ego (unconscious)

Sources

Conclusion

Each of these theories left an important impact on psychology. They created a basis for studying the development of childhood and really personality in general

Freud

• http://www.biography.com/people/sigmund-freud-9302400#synopsis
• http://www.iep.utm.edu/freud/
• http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/10736/1/Sigmund-Freuds-Psychodynamic-Theories.html
• http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=BZdPbRr-G_4C&oi=fnd&pg=PA173&dq=Oral+(birth-12+months)+personality+stage&ots=_7qwlHpAZP&sig=pFMhERPGBWg_xtt1LAkxky0JXzA#v=onepage&q&f=false (page 181)
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/questionofgod/twolives/freudbio.html
• http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/freudian+slip
• http://www.simplypsychology.org/defense-mechanisms.html
• http://anupamm.tripod.com/freud3_e.html

Piaget

• http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=BZdPbRr-G_4C&oi=fnd&pg=PA173&dq=Oral+(birth-12+months)+personality+stage&ots=_7qwlHpAZP&sig=pFMhERPGBWg_xtt1LAkxky0JXzA#v=onepage&q&f=false (page 182)
• http://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html
• http://www.goodtherapy.org/famous-psychologists/jean-piaget.html#
• http://childpsych.umwblogs.org/developmental-theories/jean-piaget/stages-of-cognitive-development/formal-operational/
• http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/piaget.htm