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Bibliography

http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Religion/

http://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Religion/

http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-greek-art

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/roman/beginners-guide-rome/a/introduction-to-ancient-roman-art

http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/AncientGreekLanguage/

http://www.legendsandchronicles.com/ancient-civilizations/ancient-rome/language-of-the-ancient-romans/

http://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Government/

http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Government/

Ancient Greece and Rome Arts

Politics and Government of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

Rome

Greece

Rome

Compare

Greece

Compare

Ancient Greece and Rome Language and Writing

Rome

Greece

Compare

Both of these states

didn't really use monarchies, but when they did it was usually fair. Both states had two kings or consuls that ruled the states.

They are similar since they

both have different dialects,

plus both languages use the

Greek language.

The Roman republic went from monarchy to dividing its government into three parts. Non hereditary magistrates, a senate to advise and consent, and popular assemblies. Though, the early stages of the republic relied on the old land owning families, or patricians. And the remainder of the people, the plebeians had few, or no rights. There were also Consuls. In Rome they appointed two consuls. Consuls are the political and military heads of state. Some of the most famous consuls were Julius Caesar, Marcus Licinius Crassus, Pompey the Great, and Mark Anthony.

Monarchies were very rare in the Greek world. The most famous monarchies in Greece were in Macedonia and Epeiros. In these states the ruler shared power with an assembly. In Sparta, it was most famous for its system of its two kings. They didn't rule all the time, but they were great help during war. When nothing was going on they were checked by ephors which were also selected by the assembly. But the Spartan kings could be put on trial or exiled as well.

There are also

many things

similar with the

arts of Greece

and Rome. Rome

was inspired by

Greece's art, so

it impacted Rome

greatly. Both

countries painted

Greek mythological

scenes.

Ancient Greece alphabet.

Greeks were the first

Europeans to read and

write with an alphabet,

which eventually led to

many of the European

languages. There were

many dialects in ancient

Greece such as, Aeolic,

Doric and Ionic. These

were the three major

dialects spoken from

different tribes. In Sparta

everyone had to learn

how to read and write.

In the 4th and 5th century

sculptors Pheidias, Polykleitos,

Praxiteles, Skopas and Lysippos

figured out how to apply the human

anatomy into their art, and statues.

The early statues they had made

looked fake. By the classical period

though, they looks more natural and

better, with more realistic facial

expressions. According to History.com it says, People offered small terra cotta figurines as gifts to gods and goddesses, buried them with the dead and gave them to their children as toys. They also used clay pots, jars and vases for almost everything." They usually painted the pots as well. They have manufactured lead white and red lead to paint things. They usually painted mythological and religious scenes.

The Roman Empire was a

very diverse Empire. Meaning

people spoke many different languages. Though it was very diverse, there were two languages mainly spoke, Latin and Greek. According to the article "Language of the Ancient Romans" it says, "Latin was necessary for anyone seeking to play an important role in administration, politics, and military." This was because Latin was the original language of Rome. All the laws and literature were written in this language as well. There were also many dialects in the empire as well. The most important dialect was Gual, it used many words from other languages, so it became known as the Romanic language.

Julius Caesar

Alexander the Great

of Ancient Greece

Greek art had a powerful influence

on Roman government. On the website, www.khanacademy.org, it says, "the Roman poet Horace famously said that “Greece, the captive, took her savage victor captive,” meaning that Rome (though it conquered Greece) adapted much of Greece’s cultural and artistic heritage (as well as importing many of its most famous works)." They believed a copy of an artwork doesn't have any value than the original. The copies had variations to them, and not the exact thing. They had small changes such as humor to the artwork. Roman homes were often visited so the decoration was supposed to be the utmost importance. Popular things to be painted in Rome included Greek mythology, gladiator contests, landscapes, buildings, and gardens.

Ancient Rome Alphabet.

Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome Religion

A picture of the Roman gods.

Rome

A picture of the Greek gods.

Greece

Comparing

The Ancient Roman Religion also consisted of many gods. At first they weren't called gods, they were called spirits. The first citizens of Rome, thought they were being watched by their ancestors. The "spirits" included Mars, Quirinus, and Jupiter. They, and the spirits were worshiped at a temple on Capitoline hill. Since there were many Greek colonies on the Lower Peninsula, they have adopted any of the Greek gods as their own. Referring to the website, http://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Religion/, it says " Under this Greek influence, the Roman gods became more anthropomorphic." Meaning they have more human characteristics. Roman mythology, tends to emphasize major gods. Jupiter, Neptune God of the sea.), Pluto (God of the underworld, & Juno. There was also a number of minor gods. Gods such as, Nemesis, Cupid, and the Furies.

The two religions have many

things in common. Such as,

having very similar gods. For

example, Mars, was the god of

war for Rome, and Ares is the

god of war for Greece. As well

as, Venus. Another Roman god

similar to the Greece god Aphrodite. As said before, the

Romans have adopted some of

the Greek religion. That is why they are so similar.

The Ancient Greece Religion

believed in many gods. Gods

such as Athena, Apollo, Poseidon,

Hermes, Hera, Aphrodite, Demeter,

Ares, Artemis, Hades, and Hephaestus.

According to the website, http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Religion/, it says "Each god represents a certain facet of human condition." Meaning,

each god represents something. For example, the god Hera represents marriage and family. The gods were worshiped in all major Greek communities. Their ceremonies were carried out by priests and their attendance. Over time, the Greeks built honor for a particular god, and usually built a cult statue of that particular one they honored. The most famous statue is one of Athena in the Parthenon of Athens.

Ancient Greece and Rome Geography

Rome

Greece

Timeline/Important Dates

Greece

Mount Olympus

Greece has more than 2,000 smaller and larger islands. Only 168-200 islands are inhabited. The largest island is called Crete, with an area of 3,219 miles sq. Two thirds of Greece is covered with mountains. The tallest mountain in Greece is Mount Olympus, which has the altitude of 2,917 meters.

The Roman Empire was a little city built next to the Tiber River. It was build on low ground. The lowest point was at the Pantheon which was was 3 meters above sea level. The highest point was 120 meters above sea level at Monte Mario Hill.

Tiber River

Rome

Vocabulary

Greece

Rome

Monarchy

- Ruled by a king or queen

Mythology

- Stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works

Consul

- Two people that are political and military heads of state

Assembly

Plebeian

- Gathering of citizens

- An ordinary person, a commoner

Fables

Assembly

-Short stories that teach the reader advice or lessons on how to live

- Where the plebeians and patricians met to elect consuls

- Rich land owners

Aristocrats

Magistrate

Acropolis

- A high hill that a strong fortress was on

- Officials that have been chosen to judges, and to look at the cities finances and other jobs

Comparing and Contrasting Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

By: Gabby Apsay

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