Ideas that Shaped the Modern World

Conclusion

Stand

• against for banning the Internet in Korea

Group Opinions

The eagerness in authority

• The purpose of Korea government blocking the Internet is to stabilize their power of control

Human right

• People have equal opportunities.

Utilitarianism

• Focuses on public interests

Privacy

• Violate all 4 points

Toleration

• Should listen citizens’ opinions

Video

The use of telecommunication in Korea

2002 mobile phones are introduced

2004 prohibit form using mobile phones

2008 cooperate with Egyptian company Orascom to set up local 3g services ( Intranet)

2012 the users increase to 2 millions

2013 provide the 3g network (Internet) for foreigners

• Their censorship of information and free speech spans far more than that of China

• They seem to not only filter the internet, they also change information and lie to their citizens. → Wikipedia in North Korea has been changed drastically.

Reference

The website describes Kim II Sung who is one of North Korea’s former leaders as a heroic and genius of a man meanwhile, never stating the unspeakable things he did to his people in order to gain power.

People have a right to know.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_of_North_Korea

http://www.policymic.com/articles/5274/dying-to-communicate-north-koreans-struggle-for-access-to-the-outside-world

http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2012/north-korea#.Uyr6TfQW3Lk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_North_Korea

http://audiencescapes.org/sites/default/files/A_Quiet_Opening_FINAL_InterMedia.pdf

http://www.jpri.org/publications/workingpapers/wp118.html

http://www.iie.com/publications/papers/noland1208.pdf

http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-20445632

Cons

Reference

Freedom of speech is compromised.

It may intrude on the privacy of a person

Censoring of information may lead to a wrong image perceived by the public.

It has no place in a truly democratic society.(north korea)

Wikipedia. Telecommunication in North Korea. Web. 21 March 2014

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_in_North_Korea

IT World. North Korea Halts 3G Mobile Internet Service to Foreign Tourists. 27 March 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.itworld.com/internet/349860/north-korea-halts-3g-mobile-internet-service-foreign-tourists

YouTube. North Korea allows mobile internet for foreigners. 27 February 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

Kirsten Korosec. North Korea opens up mobile Internet (visitors only). 22 February 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/bulletin/north-korea-opens-up-mobile-internet-visitors-only/

Mark Halper. 3G come, 3G go, 3G come in North Korea. 29 April 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/bulletin/3g-come-3g-go-3g-come-in-

north-korea/

Wikipedia. Communism. Web.21 March 2014

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism

Wikipedia. Democratic People's Republic. Web 21 March 2014

http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8C%97%E9%9F%93#.E7.A4.BE.E6.9C.83.E9.9A.8E.E7.B4.9A

Also,dictators use censorship to promote a flattering image of themselves and for removing any information that goes against them

.

The problem with it is that it may be used to keep the public from really knowing the truth on critical issues like politics in a dictatorship government .

Wikipedia. Telecommunication in North Korea. Web. 21 March 2014

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_in_North_Korea

IT World. North Korea Halts 3G Mobile Internet Service to Foreign Tourists. 27 March 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.itworld.com/internet/349860/north-korea-halts-3g-mobile-internet-service-foreign-tourists

YouTube. North Korea allows mobile internet for foreigners. 27 February 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

Kirsten Korosec. North Korea opens up mobile Internet (visitors only). 22 February 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/bulletin/north-korea-opens-up-mobile-internet-visitors-only/

Mark Halper. 3G come, 3G go, 3G come in North Korea. 29 April 2013. Web. 21 March 2014

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/bulletin/3g-come-3g-go-3g-come-in-north-korea/

Wikipedia. Communism. Web.21 March 2014

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism

Wikipedia. Democratic People's Republic. Web 21 March 2014

http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8C%97%E9%9F%93#.E7.A4.BE.E6.9C.83.E9.9A.8E.E7.B4.9A

It gives rise to and hides abuse of human rights.

they cannot freely communicate with each other forces them to believe the lies the government feeds them.

It is used to control people.

I T system: allowing Intranet but not Internet

7. First step to assess information in North Korea:

-introduction of new information technology: e.g. cell phones & Intranet

an unprecedented development

Scott Thomas Bruce:

"That is a very significant development."

(an expert wrote extensively about North Korea)

Beneficial for the future growth of assessing information in North Korea

-gradual format & process

So that they are not allowed to make their own opinions and are forced to believe what the government wants them to believe

IT system: allowing Intranet but not Internet

6. Prevent sudden & immediate information explosion (internet)

-Assess to intranet first:

protect people from gaining inappropriate information

Prevent a severe lost of control:

-information flows

-challengers: organize against the incumbent regime

-protect the state

According the right to privacy, people should be free from observation.

Communication in

North Korea

IT system: allowing Intranet but not Internet

This is a dangerous way of censoring the internet because the people are misinformed and oppressed.

5. Reap economic benefits & avoid social instability

The system “mosquito net”:

“attract the inflow of foreign investment while simultaneously blocking the infiltrations of foreign ideas, news, and culture.”

The Koryolink cell phone network & intranet both create:

a closed, domestic system

- allow for productivity gains from increased coordination

- sharing of state-approved information

- keeping out potentially corrosive foreign/ external influences

minimized the threat to the authoritarian regime

Censorship has been misused in the past.

they block outside news sites from reaching the people within the country. All news that reaches the people via the internet is under direct state control.

Benefits of setting Restrictions

4. Paternalism:Government’s perspective

praising government :

promote good of citizens to love the state

(2) Enhance sense of belonging

Only allow the information: praise the state & government e.g. government propaganda of leaders , censorship hide scandals

Build state’s image & reputation

-protect the social unity & national glory

-achieve political aim

4. Paternalism : Government’s perspective

(1) Protect safety of public

“North Korean Internet users to access the Internet within specific time and limited hours, and with restricted sources and defined ranges, and only for public benefits.”

-prevent citizens get harm when assess to the other information e.g. inappropriate content

• Extreme censorship can lead to social upheaval
• Extreme censorship can lead to an oppressed and uneducated society

The political system of Korea

• Censorship can prevent youths from being exposed to inappropriate content

• Communist Country

• Communism is a classless, moneyless, and stateless social order structured upon common ownership of the means of production, as well as a social, political and economic ideology and movement that aims at the establishment of this social order.

If sex-related topics are completely censored it becomes difficult to teach children and teenagers about the dangers of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS.

Reasons why censorship can be dangerous

• Censorship violates the natural right of self-expression
• Censorship can prevent people who have an emergency from getting help
• Censorship can lead to ignorance of the world and other cultures

Benefits of setting Restrictions

Pros vs Cons

The ostensible reasons for Internet censorship typically include things like protecting public morality from things like pornography or Internet gambling.

In Muslim countries, it’s protecting the public from anti-Muslim sentiment — in Saudi Arabia, it’s illegal to defame the House of Saud, for example. But the real reasons have little to do with that. It’s typically a government’s attempt to repress freedom of speech.

3. Rationalization & maintenance of hereditary approach of regime

-Censorship & control of information:

citizens cannot access the western idea of democracy, freedom, liberty & human rights

e.g. election, universal suffrage, right to vote

-Preserve the hereditary approach of regime

-firm & stable national regime

If the government abuses its power, it should be dissolved and the rights goes back to the people.(the idea of man)

The limitations for Korean

Many governments are terrified of the alternative voices that the Internet offers.

Reasons why censorship is necessary

• Censorship can protect national security

Governments should not control people. It should be the other way round.

Warf(Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation) says “national security” is another supposed reason given for censorship of online activity, although curbing civil liberties is almost always the true motive.

For mobile phone

i. No mobile phones can dial into or out of the country

ii. No internet is connected

For 3G network

i. Covers only 14% of territory

ii. No websites from other countries can browse

According the right to privacy, people should be able to communicate with others third party monitoring.

Train explosion

Happen in Ryongchŏn

More than 3000 people are killed or injured

Cut the telecommunication between other countries

Decide to ban from using phones

Cuba

Internet

Mobile phones

• A special permit is required to use the Internet. Access to the Internet is heavily controlled, and all e-mails are closely monitored.

• Information being available on a number of websites, some of which are official news sites.

• Prior to March 2008 mobile phones were banned. However, they could be used by those who needed them as part of their work.

• In March 2008 Raul Castro lifted the ban on mobile phones along with other consumerist goods.

• Two kinds of online connections are offered in Cuban Internet cafes:

“national”

“international”

• In recent times, censorship of the Internet has slowly relaxed.

Communication in North Korea

The Flow of presentation

Communism in Korea

The use of telecommunication in Korea

Should the Korea government ban their citizens from using the 3G network connected to other countries?

• 2002 mobile phones are introduced

• 2004 prohibit form using mobile phones

• 2008 cooperate with Egyptian company Orascom to set up local 3g services (Intranet)

• 2012 the users increase to 2 millions

• 2013 provide the 3g network (Internet) for foreigners

Introduction

i. the use of telecommunication in Korea

ii. the political system of Korea

Comparison between Korea and other countries

i. Restriction of different media

Pros

i. Benefits of prohibiting citizens from using the Internet

Cons

ii. Drawbacks of prohibiting citizens from using the Internet

Conclusion

i. Stance and opinions

• Social Class

Core class: poor peasants, sharecroppers, liberation educated intellectuals

Dynamics oscillating class: shopkeepers, rich peasants

Hostile class: pro-American pro-Japanese elements

• Citizens’ behaviors

No political freedom

No any criticisms to Kim’s family and the government system

Telecommunication guaranteed by strict laws

√= heavily controlled

√√= appropriately controlled

√√√= less controlled

Pros of Restrictions

Pros of Restrictions

2. Control over information:

- necessity for survival of the regime

of the state: neuter the technology

limit the potential for social unrest

* foreign media & journalists may as liars: attempting to destabilize the government

- protect national security

State regime vs communication freedom

1. Control over people

Fully control citizens’ mind and thinking:

“Veil of ignorance” for all citizens:

not gain assess to global information & social system

To Prevent:

-loss of control

-challenge to the government

>>no protests, conflicts or social disorders ever happened

-build harmonious society

-achieve stable regime

Vietnam

Internet

Since 1997, Vietnam has extensively regulated public Internet access, using both legal and technical means.

“Bamboo Firewall”

Many politically and religiously sensitive websites are also banned.

Group Members

China

Internet

Compared with other communist countries

Hung Pui Shan Annie 10584872

Kwong Wan Ning Shirley 10587692

Luk Yui Vicki 10586373

Leung Chun Wai Albert 10549920

Laos

Cuba

China

Vietnam

China

• Establish firewalls

“Great Firewall of China”

• Limit the contents of home pages

• bandwidth throttling, keyword filtering, as well as the wholesale blocking of access to websites

Laos

Internet

Television

• The government controls domestic Internet servers and sporadically monitors Internet usage.

• The law generally protects privacy, including that of mail, telephone, and electronic correspondence, but the government reportedly continues to violate these legal protections when there is a perceived security threat.

Laos

Newspapers

Vietnam

All newspapers are published by the government, including two foreign language papers:

• the English-language daily Vientiane Times

• the French-language weekly Le Rénovateur

Vietnam

Broadcast media

Newspapers

• The government controls all broadcast media exercising oversight through the Ministry of Information and Communication.

• Vietnam law limits access to satellite TV, but many households are able to access foreign programming via home satellite equipment.

• State-controlled
• No privately owned newspapers
• They’re all owned by government or Communist Party-controlled organizations.
• However, some newspapers are relatively outspoken.

Foreign and Hong Kong SAR news broadcasts in mainland China occasionally censored by being "blacked out" during controversial segments.

Blacked out content:

the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989,

the Dalai Lama,

the 2008 Tibetan unrest, etc.