Social 10-1 - Globalization Timeline

GATT

The Russian Revolution

The United Nations

It refers the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. It was signed in 1947. GATT members agreed to gradually eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers between themselves. Over the following decades, GATT representatives met many more times to lower tariffs and make trade freer. In 1995, the GATT has emerged to the World Trade Organization.

During the first year of World War I, many Russian soldiers were killed, wounded, or taken prisoner. In Russia, there was a shortage of food and fuel. Workers rebelled, demanding better wages and working conditions. When the soldiers joined the rebellion, the Russian economy shut down. Czar Nicholas II was forced to give up his throne in 1917 and he and his family were murdered in 1918. This is known as the Russian Revolution.

The United Nations was founded when 51 countries signed the UN Charter in 1945 in San Francisco after World War II. Its principles are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations based on respect and to achieve international co-operation

Globalization

Residential Schools

The Cold War

IMF and the World Bank

Residential school refers to a school system set up by the Canadian government and administered by Christian churches. Residential school had the objective of educating Aboriginal children, but this was damaging as residential schools were teaching students to live like a European. This assimilated the children into the main stream Canadian society. This system was following the passage of the Indian Act in 1876. The schools were compulsory for all First Nations children from 1884 to 1948. The first residential schools were set up in the 1840s and the last residential school was closed in 1996.

The Cold War was a state of political and military tension between Western side of Germany which was dominated by the United States and the United Kingdom, and the Eastern side of Germany which was dominated by the Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991.

The Seven Years' War

IMF refers to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank is also called the International Bank for Reconstruction. Both of them were mapped out at the Bretton Woods meetings. These two organizations would be supported by the United Nations and would help expand international trade.

The Berlin Conference and The Scramble for Africa

It was the competition between France and Britain, which lasted from 1756 to 1763. This war drew in other European power and spread to colonies in North America, West Africa, Cuba, the Philippines and India.

The Berlin Conference was a meeting between European nations to create rules on how to peacefully divide Africa among them for colonization.

Mahatma Gandhi

Indian Independence

Bretton Woods Conference

Mahatma Gandhi was a famous leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India. Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world.

It was a gathering of 730 representatives from all 44 allied nations in July 1944 to regulate the international monetary and financial order after World War II.

The Scramble for Africa was a process of colonization of African territory by the Europeans during the New Imperialism period, between 1881 and World War I in 1914.

The Indian Independence Act was as an Act of the Government of the United Kingdom that divided British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The Act received the royal agreement on 18 July 1947, and Pakistan came into being on August 14 and India on August 15, as two new countries. Independence Day of India, annually on 15 August, is a national holiday in India remembering the nation's independence from British rule on 15 August 1947.

Market Economy

The Grand Exchange

The Industrial Revolution

World War I

The Quiet Revolution

An economy in which government regulations are deduced to a minimum, businesses are free to make their own decisions and resources are the private property of individuals or companies.

The Grand Exchange (a.k.a. The Columbian Exchange) is a period started from the 1490s. It is a trading process that began when Christopher Columbus brought seeds, fruit trees and livestock to America, where they were cultivated and became staples. In return, native North American species were exported to Europe.

Milton Friedman

It was a war fought between the Allies and the Central Power from 1914 to 1918. Germany, Italy, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and Japan were defeated.

The Quiet Revolution was the period of intense change in Quebec, Canada, characterized by the rapid and effective secularization of society, the creation of a welfare state, a readjustment of politics into federalist, and separatist groups. It occurred between 1960 and 1966.

The Industrial Revolution is the period between 1750s and 1850s when industrial work became mechanized. Works were done in a more efficient, but this lead to the unemployment of workers

He was an American economist. Supporters of Milton Friedman called him the most influential economist of the second half of the 20th century as he supported and promoted free markets. Friedman believed that everyone would experience greater prosperity, as well as more political and social freedom if there was less government control and freer markets. He also believed that communism and socialism represented the extreme of government control.

World War II

It was a war fought between Great Britain, France, Italy, the Soviet Union, Japan, the United States, Germany and China from 1939 to 1945. Germany, Italy, and Japan was defeated. The World War II was caused by World War I and the rise of Hitler.

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1945

Present>

The Great Depression

Rwandan Genocide

The Collapse of Soviet Union

Imperialism

Mercantilism

The Printing Press

The Rwandan Genocide was a genocidal mass slaughter that took place in 1994 in the East African state of Rwanda and over 500,000 people were killed.

Mercantilism is a policy followed by European imperial powers from the 16th to the 19th century. In colonies, trade was strictly controlled ro benefit the economy of the imperial power.

In December of 1991, the Soviet Union disintegrated into fifteen separate countries. This is a victory for freedom, a triumph of democracy over dictatorship, and evidence of the superiority of capitalism over socialism.

Imperialism is the domination of another country's economic, political, and cultural institutions. The European imperialism (1870 to 1914) lead to the growth of globalization.

It was a severe worldwide economic depression before World War II. In most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930s or middle 1940s. The depression originated in the U.S., after the fall in stock prices that began and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929. During that period of time, unemployment rose, demand of goods fell, companies was shut down and people could not pay off their bills.

A printing press is a device for evenly printing ink onto a print medium (substrate) such as paper or cloth. The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in around the 1440s.

Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP)

Slavery

Silk Road

The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) was a Canadian Royal Commission established in 1991 to address issues of aboriginal people’s status. There are 4000 pages in the final report of the commission and it was published in 1996.

Indian Act

The Treaty of Versailles

NAFTA

The Silk Road is a trading network that linked Asia and Europe. It is used to trade good and exchange ideas between countries. It began during the Han Dynasty in China (206 BC – 220 AD)

Slavery(1600s - 1900s) is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slavery was ofter used as an alternative to imprisonment or execution for criminals and people who could not pay their debts.

The Indian Act is a Canadian federal law being set up in 1876 that governs in matters concerning to Indian status, bands, and Indian reserves. The act defines who is an "Indian" and contains legal rights for registered Indians.

It was one of the peace treaties signed at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919.

Statement of Reconciliation

It refers to the North America Free Trade Agreement. It is an agreement which provides less restriction in trade between Canada, the United States of America and Mexico. This agreement came into force on January 1, 1994.

The Seigneurial System and Early European Immigration to Canada.

The Canadian government issued the Statement of Reconciliation in 7 January 1998. It is widely understood as an apology of the harm that the government had done to the First Nations of Canada.

The Seigneurial System of New France was the semi-feudal system of land distribution used in the North American colonies of New France. The Seigneurial System was introduced to New France in 1627 by Cardinal Richelieu

The Rise of Hitler

After the British took over Canada, Canada became the destination for many European immigrants, mostly from Britain. Many people were moving to Canada due to unemployment caused by industrialization. Between 1790 and 1845, more than 750 000 immigrants came to Canada.

The Great Depression hit especially hard in Germany as it had to make reparation payments for World War I. At that time, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party promised to fix things and to give the people a better life. In 1933, he was elected as the leader and he declared himself absolute ruler.

The Rise of Communist Soviet Union

In 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics emerged out of the former Russia. The Soviet Union (a.k.a. the USSR) was the world’s first communist state. From the beginning, communism strongly opposed capitalism and capitalist countries. The land and other property in the Soviet Union belonged to everyone and everyone would work for the benefit of all and would receive help as he or she needed it.

Market Economy

An economy in which government regulations are deduced to a minimum, businesses are free to make their own decisions and resources are the private property of individuals or companies.