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The Indian Tribes of Mississippi
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Chitimacha Tribe
The Chitimacha are one of four federally recognized tribes in the state.
What language do the Chitimachas speak?
Most Chitimacha people speak English today. Some Chitimachas, especially older people, speak a Cajun French dialect. In the past, Chitimacha Indians spoke their own Chitimacha language. The Chitimacha Indian language has not been spoken by the community since the early 1900's, but today some Chitimacha people are working to learn their ancestral language again.
Biloxi Tribe
In the past, the Biloxis were led by a chief chosen by a tribal council. Today, they are governed by a tribal council whose members are elected by the Tunica and Biloxi people.
Most Biloxi people speak English today. Some people, especially elders, speak a particular dialect of French. In the past, the Biloxis spoke their own Biloxi language, which is a Siouan language related to languages like Lakota and Crow. The Biloxi language is no longer spoken today, although some young people are interested in reviving it.
Chickasaw Tribe
The Chickasaw were considered one of the Five Civilized Tribes along with the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole.
They joined the French and Indian war on the side of the British and the Civil War on the side of the Confederacy.
Choctaw Tribe
Natchez Tribe
Yazoo Tribe
- The Choctaw reservation is 35,000 acres and scattered around 10 counties in Mississippi. This tribe has 10,000 members and has been in the Mississippi area for centuries.
The Yazoo were a tribe of the Native American Tunica people historically located on the lower course of Yazoo River in Mississippi, an area known as the Mississippi Delta. They were closely related to other Tunica-language peoples, especially the Tunica, Koroa, and possibly the Tioux.
The Natchez were original residents of Mississippi and Louisiana. The Natchez tribe was defeated by the French in the early 1700's, and the survivors scattered. People of Natchez descent live in many different places today, but most of them live among the Chickasaw, Creek and Cherokee tribes of Oklahoma.
Chakchiuma Tribe
The Chakchiuma Indians were a Muskogean tribe of Mississippi, relatives of the Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes. They were sometimes also known as the Chaquesauma. Their language was never properly recorded, but was clearly closely related to Choctaw and Chickasaw. The Chakchiuma no longer exist as a distinct tribe.