Imperialism in India

Sepoy Mutiny started

Mughal dynasty weakened

Adolph Bazin introduced telegraph

Indian National Congress formed

1906

1858

1850

1757

1839

1885

1857

1707

Muslim League formed

Battle of Plassey; Victory for East India Company

Indians surrendered to British

British controlled Indian subcontinet

Intellectual

• Founding of schools and colleges
• higher literacy
• Only top class schools for British
• Western education introduced
• Knowledge of English language
• revolved more on academics rather than religion.
• India was dependent on British writing
• Poetry, prose, drama

Technology

Religion

Islam

Hindu

• Main religions were Islam, Hindu, and Christianity.
• 2% population was Sikh
• Monotheistic
• God= "Only One"
• Followed a guru who was one with God
• Believed everyone was equal
• British forced Indians to convert to Christianity
• Some accepted due to fear, others became hostile and voiced their opinion
• Missionaries created churches all over India

• Followers are called Muslims
• Follow Five Pillars of Islam
• 1. Daily confession of faith
• 2. Daily ritual prayer
• 3. Pay an alms tax
• 4. Fasting
• 5. Go on journey to Mecca
• Originated from Arabian Peninsula
• Monotheistic religion
• Believed in Allah
• Creator, provider,determiner
• Do not eat pork

• Devotion to one God that has different forms or several gods.
• Worship was done with sculptures or pictures of gods
• Believed in karma
• Cow was a sacred symbol

• Architecture
• Construction was done by following charts and plans
• Buildings had Bungalow style with a Gothic influence
• Construction of dams and bridges
• Steam engine/ steam vessel
• Was used in India's rivers
• Was able to move troops and supplies faster
• Telegraph/telegram
• boosted contact with other people
• extended over 4250 miles
• Third largest railroad network
• Made India economically valuable
• led to founding of more schools

Social classes

Social

Indian

British

• People were divided into castes.
• Each caste determined limitations and responsibilities
• There was little to no movibility
• Caste is inherited.

• Upper class: Men who served as soldiers or is a sergeant.
• Lower class: Men who serve at lesser rank
• can not advance to become a sergeant
• Only sergeants/ officers were allowed to bring wives

• 300 million people
• British officers
• Took part of sports

Ex. cricket, rugby, and polo

• Upper class socialized in events ( concerts, dances,etc.)
• Famine was a regular feature for Indians
• Indians were mostly vegetarians
• 10 million people died (1770-1773)
• Indians were below British
• Were not allowed to be top of Indian civil service.
• Paid less

Geography

• Location: India
• Divided into different provinces and districts
• Landscape
• mountains, rivers, deserts, plains, swamps
• Ganges and Indus rivers
• Helped with transportation and irrigation.
• The climate is varied but most areas are tropical.

• Rainfall depended on monsoon season

Imperialism in India

Battle of Plassey

Sepoy Mutiny

Political

• Started June 23, 1757 in Bengal
• 3,000 soldiers of East India Company vs. 5,000 soldiers of Nawab of Bengal
• Rainfall spoiled the Nawab's army's cannon powder
• Nawab lost 500 troops vs. Britain's 22 troops
• Battle only lasted a few hours.
• Victory was led by Robert Clive

• Started in 1857
• Rebellion by sepoys after rumors of rifle cartridges sealed with beef/pork fat.
• Many were put to jail for refusing cartridges
• British decided to punish and heavily tax Indians causing more outrage
• Indians have set the British's boats on fire and killed people also
• Indians were able to capture the city of Delhi
• Rebellion spread to Northern/Central India
• Indians were not as strong as British
• weak leadership
• conflict between Hindus and Muslims
• Indians surrendered in 1858
• British abolished Mughal dynasty completely as well as East India Company.

• East India Company
• Was leading power of India after Battle of Plassey.
• Had own army of British officers and sepoys
• Many Indians were scared of the vast amount of power
• Hands-off-policy to social and religion customs
• Sikhs were a loyal part of army
• compromised 22% of army.
• Ministers in London directed policies, governor in India carried it out
• Indian nationalism
• Creation of Indian National Congress and Muslim League (1906)
• Focused on specific things in India then broadened to wanting self- government

Bibliography

Economy

India Today

• "India." Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 15 May 2014. <http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/world/india-land.html>.
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• "Manas: History and Politics, British India." Manas: History and Politics, British India. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014. <http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/British/BrIndia.html>.
• The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Ram Mohun Roy (Indian religious leader)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 15 May 2014. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/511196/Ram-Mohun-Roy>.

• India: major supplier of raw materials
• Agricultural/ crops
• Restrictions set by British
• Economy can't operate alone
• Had to buy British goods
• No competition between goods
• Indian products sold cheaply in Britain
• State income came from land revenue
• East India Company tried raising land revenue
• created group of high interst money lenders
• British= Economical power
• cash crops took over food production
• Huge market for British made goods.
• Indian industries suffered.

Social

• Caste system is still used today with same regulations.
• Indians on average have 3 meals a day now
• Marriages are arranged but in cities, un-arranged marriages are common
• Huge increase of population made it one of the poorest countries.
• Western tastes of food, dress, and entertainment was adopted but not liked

Economy

• Has a mixed economy with government taking control
• Agriculture is still what Indians depend on
• Irrigation canals extended
• Chemical fertilizers were in high demand

Political

• Now has a government called the Union government
• adopted from the Constitution of the USA

Religion

• Major religions are still Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity following Sikhism
• Still have religious festivals

Intellectual

• Some areas are highly literate while others are not
• Education was required for many jobs
• Spoke 1,200 languages

Technology

• Cellular phones are now being fully used

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Ram Mohun Roy (1772-1833)

• Known as "Father of Modern India"
• Caused a social reform movement to modernize
• wrote books and newspaper articles criticizing Hinduism and the caste system
• Found schools and taught Western curriculum rather than traditional Indian things
• Anglo-Hindu school and Vedanta College
• Knows Persian, Sanskrit, and Arabic
• Studied religions and American/French revolutions that contributed to convincing to modernize