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The Role of Women in the French Revolution

What did women do to claim their rights?

  • made clubs
  • discussed the Revolution
  • some refused marriage
  • petitioned the government

Women in Aristocracy and Royalty

Olympe de Gouges

The Roles of Women

The March on Versailles

  • the women of the revolution did more than house work
  • feminism
  • revolts
  • donations
  • May 7, 1748
  • playwright before Revolution
  • end the exclusion of women
  • Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
  • Declaration of the Rights of Women and of the Citizen
  • free speech
  • capacity of reason
  • capacity of moral decision-making
  • demanded education and divorce rights
  • theater for women
  • arrested for defending king
  • November 3, 1793
  • sent to Guillotine by Jacobins
  • serveral roles within the castle
  • Élisabeth Vigée LeBrun
  • Olympe de Gouges
  • Germaine de Staël
  • Marie Antoinette
  • everyday women were fed up with the fighting
  • they could not do their jobs in revolutionary France
  • they wanted justice
  • they all stood together and marched to the king

Madame de Stael

Women in Everyday Life

  • French-Swiss
  • April 22, 1766-July 14, 1817
  • author
  • salons
  • highly educated
  • heiress
  • married a Swedish legate
  • supporter of French Revolution
  • September Massacres: fled to Switzerland
  • continued salons
  • drew many French emigrants
  • returned to France
  • when violence died down
  • 1804: conflict w/Napolean
  • exile from France

Marie Antoinette

Within the Castle

  • Washerwomen, seamstresses, linenworkers, and cooks
  • Working class women quickly eastblished clubs
  • Organized ideas
  • Big role in their family and towns
  • Limited views
  • mistresses
  • bastard children->royalty
  • could become royalty w/o legitimacy
  • legitimacy could be granted
  • maids, servants, and cooks
  • spies for other countries
  • easily go unnoticed
  • queens, duchesses, princesses
  • Yolande de Polastron
  • Duchess of Polignac

Élisabeth Vigée LeBrun

The Orgin of Feminism

  • Vienna, Austria
  • November 2, 1755-October 16,1793
  • married Louis XVI at 15
  • alliance between France and Austria
  • few official duties=free time
  • gossip
  • blamed for France's problems
  • aldultery
  • sexual abuse and incest
  • treason
  • April1792- Jacobins vs. Austria
  • official painter of Marie Antoinette
  • less formal
  • portrayed her as devoted mother
  • painted middle class lifestyle
  • fled during March on Versailles
  • w/ daughter and a governess
  • returned in 1801
  • never strayed from royalist cause
  • women began to realize their power
  • seen as only sources of pleasure, mothers, and maids
  • they demanded equality
  • they argued for their rights because they reproduce new citizens
  • wanted to vote

Mata Hari

Women's Everyday Lives

  • During the revolutionary era women became leaders
  • Responsible for getting food for their families
  • Lace making employed the largest number of women
  • Contributions came from all levles of society
  • Employment depended on where they lived in France
  • August 1792-mob stormed Tuileries
  • monarchy overthrown & locked in tower
  • December & January
  • Louis put on trial & executed
  • July 1793
  • lost custody of son
  • October 1793
  • convicted of treason
  • sent to guillotine
  • Dutch born women
  • Shot by the French as a spy
  • Some say she wasn't ever a spy
  • Spies had a big impact on affecting the French Revolution
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