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Sources

Stage 4

  • 1995-Present Day
  • Intermediate Stage, Close to becoming a climax community today
  • Softwood trees are beginning to appear across the region
  • Many new species of animals have arrived in the area and set up predation-prey relationships with each other as well as symbiotic relationships
  • http://www.surtsey.is/pp_ens/biola_2.htm
  • http://www.surtsey.is/pp_ens/gen_3.htm

Stage 3

Stage 2

  • 1995
  • Many species of plants begin to grow across the landscape
  • Shrubs have taken form
  • The first animal species arrives on the island, a large colony of gulls
  • Significant increase in vegetation and stability
  • 1970
  • Weeds and small patches of grass are replaced by larger grasses. 5 new plant species arrive in the area.
  • Soil has now become much more fertile due to decayed organic matter engraving itself into the soil
  • No signs of animal life

Stage 1

  • First signs of life begin to grow on the island of Surtsey in 1965 post-eruption.
  • Small patches of weeds and small amounts of grass grow across the region, especially near the coast.
  • The soil is non-fertile and no animals reside in the region

Island of Surtsey

  • The island of Surtsey is an island that was formed primarily from the eruption of a volcano
  • The island first formed in 1963 from a volcanic eruption over 18 miles away near Iceland.
  • The island serves as a great example of primary succession as the volcanic eruption shows how the has formed life over the years

Island of Surtsey - Primary Succession

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-Melvin Orichi Socana

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