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Brain Controlled Robotic Limbs

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HB

Haley B

Transcript

Problems:

Case Study:

  • Case study with Monkeys
  • The University of Pittsburgh
  • First successful use of animals' brains moving physical objects
  • Tied the monkey's arms back and put the robotic one next to the monkey's arm
  • The "equipment that is too cumbersome and complicated to operate at home with-out assistance" (Gaidos 27).
  • Though this technique has been shown to be effective, the hope is to eventually find a less invasive procedure to regain mobility in paralyzed patients.
  • The brain cells might start to see the implantation in the motor cortex as unfamiliar, which would make scar tissue to begin to form around the sensor. The brain would stop responding if this occurs.

Relationships:

Goals:

  • It is hard to predict how brain controlled robotic arms would effect the community because it is only just now being studied.
  • There have been question raised as to whether athletes or people in the military would begin to replace their limbs with prosthetic limbs because they give a great advantage.

Advancements:

Is This Technology a Good One?

  • A scientist from Washington University in St. Louis used an electrocorticography method to cut a portion out of the skull and place the electrodes there, instead of into the brain.
  • This detects groups of neurons instead of specific ones and the patient also does not having to imagine their fingers being moved.

I believe that this technology is a good technology, because if successful in the long term it could give those without a viable arm the opportunity to live a more normal life.

  • The initial goal is to develop effective technology that will allow one to move a prosthetic arm with their thoughts.
  • The nerve cells hopefully will not only send signals to the hand, but will also send signals back to the brain.

Sources:

Technology:

  • Motor Cortex: Voluntary Movement
  • Ninety-six electrode sensor is placed into the arm section of the motor cortex
  • Wires connect the sensor under the skin to a pedestal

Baker, Billy. "The Magic Touch: Scientists Invent a Brain-Controlled Robotic Hand with Fingers That Can Actually Feel." Popular Science. 1 Mar. 2006: 29. General OneFile. Gale.

Barry, Patrick. "Monkeys move arm with mind: technology may eventually lead to improved prostheses." Science News. 21 June 2008: 9. General OneFile. Gale. Web. 29 Mar. 2015.

"Monkey think, robot do." Current Science. Weekly Reader Publication, 2008: 13. General OneFile. Gale. Web. 29 Mar. 2015.

Ehrenberg, Rachel. "For Coffee Break, Woman Guides Robotic Arm With Her Thoughts." Science News. N.p., 16 June 2012. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

"Experiments: From 'Brain Reading' to 'Mind Reading'; A Lot of Developments Have Taken Place on the Path of Reading a Human Mind Completely and Explicitly." Alive 8 Dec. 2014. Gale. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

Gaidos, Susan. "Linking Brain and Computer May Soon Lead to Practical Prosthetics for Daily Life." Science News. N.p., 2 July 2011. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

Lobel, Darlene A., and Kendall H. Lee. "Brain Machine Interface and Limb Reanimation Technologies: Restoring Function After Spinal Cord Injury Through...." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 5(2014):708. eLibrary Science. Web. 13 Apr 2015.

Regalado, Antonio. "THE THOUGHT EXPERIMENT." Technology Review. 01 Jul. 2014: 52. eLibrary Science. Web. 13 Apr 2015.

Courtine, Grégoire, Silvestro Micera, Jack DiGiovan, and José del R Millán. "Brain-machine interface: closer to therapeutic reality?." Lancet 9866(2013):515. eLibrary Science. Web. 13 Apr 2015.

Images:

http://www.gizmag.com/go/3503/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain–computer_interface

https://news.brown.edu/articles/2012/05/braingate2

http://www.infohightech.com/people-with-paralysis-control-robotic-arms-using-brain-computer-interface/

http://pixshark.com/somatic-motor-cortex.htm

Technology Continued:

  • The Pedestal connects to a plug on the top of the head (above the skin)
  • More wires connect the plug to a computer (turned the electrode signals into commands, therefore moving the arm)
  • The signals that come from the electrode sensor are decoded by algorithms (which create the commands given the robotic arm)

Brain Controlled Robotic Arms