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Electrolysis of molten ore
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Electrolysis of molten ore
examples
how it works
- extraction of aluminium from bauxite
electrolysis
aluminium oxide aluminium + oxygen
- purification of copper
The positive electrode is
made of impure copper
and the negative
electrode is made of a thin
piece of pure copper.
Non-metal ions are negatively charged and are therefore separated from the positively charged metal ions.
If the ions are not mobile, as in a solid salt, electrolysis cannot occur.
Thus, the ores are molten so that the ions are free to move to the electrodes.
The energy required to cause the ions to migrate to the electrodes is provided by the direct current from the circuit.
how it works
Each electrode attracts ions that are of the opposite charge. Positively charged ions move towards the negative electrode (cathode), whereas negatively charged ions move towards the positive electrode (anode).
Any molten or dissolved material in which the liquid contains free moving ions is called the electrolyte, it conducts electricity.
molten ore?
electrolysis
of molten ore
An electrode is an electrical conductor which provides a physical link between the external circuit (the energy supply) and the electrolyte
made liquid by heat
- an important stage in the separation of pure metal from ores
- a method of using a direct electric current to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction
Ore?
key components
The direct current provides energy to the free ions so that they can move around.
- An electrolyte
- 2 electrodes
- A direct current supply
An ore is a mineral from which a valuable constituent, usually a metal, can be profitably mined or extracted.
It is typically a compound of the metal, mixed with other minerals and impurities.