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The Canadiens did not vote on this.

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Here is what I shall allow.

A letter explaining his hesitance to assimilate the Canadiens by force.

"

Nothing will satisfy the new British merchants here in the province except the expulsion of the Canadiens, who are perhaps the bravest and best race upon the globe, and who could

soon become the most useful set of men

in this new American Empire.

"

James Murray to the Lords of Trade, 1764

Assimilation

seemed impossible at the time because

there were:

So he made concessions to the Canadiens and the Catholic Church.

Thousands of

&

Hundreds of

in the province...

Concessions Made to the Canadiens

Governor James Murray

Compromise would lead to order in the colony

Force to learn English and become Protestant

He hoped the Canadiens would develop a sense of allegiance to the British if they showed tolerance.

Forced assimilation of the Canadiens is not possible.

Murray

The Creation of the Province of Quebec

Why Assimilation?

Why Assimilation

is bad

Having a similar culture would mean:

Less conflict

Easier to manage

Unlikely to revolt

Done by force and results in the loss of a culture.

Assimilation

"

And that the Church of England be established, and that the inhabitants may by degrees be led to adopt the Protestant religion, and their children be brought up in the principles of it; We do hereby declare it be Our intention that all possible encouragement shall be given to the building of Protestant schools.

Absorbing one people into the culture of another.

The Instructions to Governor Murray

"

A letter from King George III to Governor James Murray

December 7th, 1763

Yeah, right...

The British

wanted to assimilate the

Test Act

Canadiens

WHY?

To have better control over them.

An oath the Canadiens had to swear if the wanted to serve in the British colonial government.

Assimilate the Canadiens.

It required them to give up Catholicism and accept Protestantism.

King George III

Here's how...

Townships

The Principal Measures of King George III to Assimilate the Canadiens

Interpret:

not seigneurial system

What demographic fact prompted Murray to be accommodating to the Canadiens?

- Square

- Own the land

- No rent

The Eastern Townships

Interpret:

Who were the members of the French Party and the British Party?

Interpret:

Why did Carleton maintain the same policies as Murray?

Even today...

The Royal Proclamation

So What?

And we do hereby strictly forbid, on pain of displeasure, all of our loving subjects from making any purchases or settlements whatsoever or taking possession of any of the lands of the reserved Native territory without our special leave and license for that purpose first obtained.

is still recognized!

"

Who Cares?

"

After the British take control of the colony, New France ceases to exist.

Royal Proclamation, 1763

(modernized English)

This is the beginning of the province we know today as

Quebec

The Royal Proclamation

It worked!

(also 1763)

(part 1)

A few months after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, the new British government issued a:

It was one of the reasons for the end of Pontiac's Rebellion.

Remember...

Chapter 3

Part 2

CONSTITUTION

(a set of laws)

Native coalition under Ottawa Chief Pontiac

The Treaty of Paris

The Province of Quebec

ended the Seven Years' War and France gave all its North American territory to Britain.

THIS new province will one day become the modern Quebec.

Why?

1763

The Royal Proclamation

Pontiac's Rebellion

Territorial Changes

(almost)

It was a concession made to Native peoples to try to ease tensions.

The Province of Quebec is created (St-Lawrence Valley)

A territory is reserved for Native populations

Trapped... again!

What about the Thirteen Colonies?

The creation of a Native territory

Great Lakes region + the Ohio Valley

No British colonist could settle there.

Interpret:

A new Bishop was needed in the colony...

What recognition did Native peoples receive under the Royal Proclamation?

Governor Murray allowed for

Monseigneur Jean-Olivier Briand

Interpret:

to be the first bishop of Quebec.

The Government of Quebec, 1763

Which element of the political structure provided for in the Royal Proclamation was not established?

The Legislative Assembly

(sort of)

King

Political

Organization

Concessions Made to the Catholic Church

Who cares?

James Murray

The assembly that was supposed to be voted on by the Canadiens was never created.

The Church agreed...

Without a Bishop to ordain new priests...

to remind its followers that they owed obedience and allegiance to the British.

The Royal Proclamation also...

it might have been the end of Catholicism in the colony...

James Murray

abolished the military regime and set up a civilian government.

was the first governor general of Quebec.

A New Judicial System

They split up into two main groups

Governor Murray also decided to befriend the Church

French Party

He was appointed by the British Crown

British Party

He appointed a 12-member council.

Why would Murray do this?

Created petitions for this

Guy Carleton

like James Murray

From then on...

English criminal and civil law were in effect.

continued to compromise with the Canadiens...

He knew the Church had a lot of influence, and wanted a powerful ally.

I believe the Canadiens will be grateful, and therefore loyal, if we allow them their religion.

... Much to the displeasure of the British merchants.

&

Division Among the

British Colonists in Quebec

A Change of Governor

The British

Chateau Saint-Louis, 1778

The Clergy

worked together to run the colony.

Unhappy with the concessions made to the Canadiens and the Catholic Church, British merchants asked the King for the removal of Governor Murray.

No more concessions to the Canadiens and Catholic Church!

- British Merchants

Carleton believed that the Province would continue to be French because of...

Low British immigration

Many British colonists were not happy with how well the Canadiens were bring treated.

The Quebec Gazette

High Canadien birth rate

James Hunter, 1778

became the first newspaper in the colony and was published in both languages.

"

We could list many more sufferings which make our lives so very unhappy that we must remove the present Governor. We therefore most humbly pray your Majesty to take the premises into your gracious consideration, and to appoint a Governor over us who understands more than the military.

Guy Carleton

"

- Petition from Quebec Merchants to the King, 1764

Priests were given copies so they could inform the Canadiens about British government decisions.

LOL

turned out to be as tolerant toward the Canadiens as Murray was.

New Governor,

Same Policies

So, between 1766 and 1768...

Governor Carleton

Governor Murray

was replaced with

Deal with it.

Hate you.

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