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- Their fertile land and resources gathered many people = population

- Their never-ending food production contributed greatly to their development

- Both developed by trading resources, materials, technology, and knowledge with each other

- The civilization came out in different time; Egypt (3200 BCE) Mesopotamia (3500 BCE)

- They both have different theories or legends of how their civilization started; Egyptians believed that gods created the citizens near the Nile; Mesopotamian believe that their kings lead them to their land

such as land irrigation, crop harvesting, and animal Domestication

- they were both near a water source that contributed to the irrigation

- they both built dikes, canals, and irrigation dykes overtime

- natural canals had to be dredged yearly, in order to prevent water clogging

- both prevented flood water from entering settlements

- used stone hoes and plowed the ground by hand or animals

- both have the same irrigation month: June

- Egyptians irrigated with the Nile's water while Mesopotamian irrigated with their river water

- drainage was not required for valleys in Egypt; Mesopotamian were required

- Egyptians only had a single over the alluvial grounds because of the natural irrigation; Mesopotamian did not

- Mesopotamian had dry lands with streams, canals, or pipes; Not required for Egyptians

- both domesticated animals around 7000 BCE; ex. sheep, dogs, cats, goats, pigs, oxen, donkey, cows

- both kept pets, such as dogs, cats, monkeys, buffoons

- domesticated animals had jobs; ex. trampling seeds, pulling ploughs, and eating unwanted food

- domesticated animals were used as food and clothes; ex. meat, eggs, milk, wool, leather,

- the animal carcass and poops were used as fertilizers

- Didn't domesticate until the new kingdom

- animals were presented and used for religious practice in Mesopotamia; Egypt did not

- horses were used by Mesopotamian earlier; Egyptian did not use it until the New Kingdom

- grain is the first plant harvested after inundation (flooding season)

- both used the similar tools (winnowing scoops, hoes, rakes, flint-bladed sickles and ploughs)

- grew similar grains, such as wheat, barley, millet, beans, sesame seeds

- grain and barley was the most important crop because it was used for bread, beer, food for animals, and porridge

- grew similar fruits (dates, grapes, figs, melons, apples, cucumbers, spice, pomegranates)

- grew similar vegetables (onions, beans, lettuce, olives)

- both used similar fertilizers (animal poop, withered plants; dead animals)

- used animals to assist in trampling seeds and ploughing

- had different cropping seasons; Egypt only had two; Mesopotamia had four

- everybody had to contribute in harvesting in Egypt; only farmers had to do it in Mesopotamia

- Egyptians used scythes and wooden ploughs as farming tools before Mesopotamian did

- Mesopotamians used animals for pulling ploughs and trampling seeds 40 years more earlier than Egyptians

- both started with the same form of writing (pictograph)

- both used it for the same purpose (keeping records of tax/king's speech/laws/ trade, poems/books/literature)

- both form of writing was made about the same time

- writings transformed over time

- both were forgotten and rediscovered

- both have been written in ceilings, walls, floors, tombs

- both had their own form of writing that used different symbols; Egyptians used hieroglyphics while Mesopotamian used cuneiform

- Mesopotamian carved their writing in stones, clay, or tablets, while Egyptians used papyrus (Mesopotamian started using papyrus from the fifth millennium while Egypt used it from the fourth)

- cuneiform are written as strokes

- good understanding of math and geometry to build the pyramids and other large buildings

- used math and numbers to keep track of business transactions

- used strokes to represent numbers

- Egyptians used decimal systems for numbers

- Egyptians didn't have numerals for 2 - 9 or zero and only had numbers for factors of 10 such as 1, 10, 100, etc.; Mesopotamia had variety of #

- Mesopotamia had 12 months in their calendar (by moon) while Egypt only had 4

- Mesopotamian divided the year by two seasons, Egypt did not divide seasons

- Mesopotamia based their number system by sixty, but Egypt did not base their number into anything

- Mesopotamian divided their week by seven days, Egyptians did not have a week

- built most things out of papyrus, reeds, stone, and wood

- both created boats out of reeds

- both invented pulleys

- both invented chariots, pottery wheels, and wells after the invention of wheels

- Mesopotamia invented wheels much earlier than Egyptians; Egyptians did not use the wheel until the new kingdom

- Most technology are made by Mesopotamian; Egypt mainly invented new materials

- kept records of taxes, trade, money, resources

- they were the army leader

- supervised water supply and stored grain

- pleased gods in order to get good fortune in return

- decided what was best for their citizens

- created laws for equal rights

- wore crowns, jewelry, fake beards

-created labor and taxed people

- Egyptian Pharaohs

watched over law courts

- pharaohs were

trade expedition leader, leaders in Mesopotamia had sergeants to lead

- pharaohs were believed to be gods in human form or descendants of god; kings of Mesopotamia were messengers of god

- Mesopotamian kings tried to allocate more resources and people into their domain, it wasn't the pharaoh's job in Egypt

- the Mesopotamian kings were the high priests; Pharaohs were the gods themselves

- deserts to the east and west of the Nile

- mountains to the south

- Nile is over 4000 miles (6437.4 kilometres)

- Nile was source of trade, food, transportation...life

- thought of in 2 ways - red land and black land

- red land = desert

- black land = fertile soil on the banks of the Nile

- 2 rivers surrounding - Tigris and Euphrates

- north = hills and plains, fertile

- south = marshy areas and wide, flat barren plains, very little rain

- in an area about 300 miles long and about 150 miles wide

- southern parts can come up to about 110° F(43.333° C)

- rivers help with farming *

- both were near a good water source

- both had hot weather

- almost everything

Architectures and Structures from the Civilization

- both have flat roofs

- citizens sleep on the roof during warm weather

- a staircase leads to the roof

- both have courtyards with high walls (privacy)

- some families shared living space with other families (town houses)

- walls are made out of stacked limestone, mud bricks (adobe), clay

- dirt or clay floor

- roofs are out of solid rock or stones

- most ancient Mesopotamian houses are destroyed, but ancient Egyptian houses are still in existence (just reconstructed)

- Egyptians only have one room; Mesopotamian have several rooms that are connected to the living room

- Egyptians did not have a bathroom; it is unknown if Mesopotamian had one

- largest, important building

- shows wealth/achievements of their king/empire

- inspire loyalty/fear, ordinary people/visitors

- walls share stories of victories in war, achievements, and the pharaohs with gods

- contain sculptures of giant pharaohs or gods

- homes of the gods (not to be mistaken with pharaohs or kings)

- every temple dedicated to god or goddess

- priests are always occupied there to worship the gods

- have many sacred rooms that are only visited by priests and kings

- both have a large courtyard and a room for the kings

- both have a sancutary

- Mesopotamian did not have a sacred pool that was used for rituals like the Egyptians

- Egyptians did not have a suite room for each of the royal family, unlike the Mesopotamian

- the placement for the god statues are different for each civilization; Egyptian ones are always in the middle of the room; Mesopotamian have it in each corner of room

- contains a small sanctuary

- tallest building

- made in order to reach closer to the gods

- contains curses to keep thieves out

- contains traps to prevent theft (only one entrance/confusing rooms)

- has a storage room/secret passageways

- carvings of gods/pharaohs/important figure on walls

- very few of them are in existance

- has steps to lead up to the sky

- used for different reasons; Pyramids are tombs for pharaohs and Ziggurats are houses for gods

- ziggurats can only be entered by priests and kings; pyramids are not to be entered unless for a ritual for a new dead pharaoh

- pyramids have a square-triangular shape while a ziggurat is a square building stacked on top of another square building

- a full ancient pyramid has survived in the present; no full ziggurats have survived (only about half the building is)

- many gods, some goddesses

- any misfortunes or fortunes in people's lives came because a deity had willed it

- believed in gods, goddesses, demons, and monsters

- gods and goddesses were called "deities"

- kings/rulers were the messengers of the gods

- deities were worshipped regularly to keep them happy

- pharaohs were believed to be gods in human form

- deities included Horus, Ra, Seth, Anubis, Thoth, Khnum, Hathor, Sobek, Amun, Osiris, and Isis

- some were common to all of Egypt, others were worshipped only in 1 city

- hundreds of deities

- worshiped in special buildings: "Ziggurats"

- Part of the reason of the fall is similar; both the civilization were invaded and slaved by Persians

- reason for fall is different; Mesopotamia tumbled down because they couldn't control their own resources; Egypt only fell because they were invaded and lost power overtime

- Mesopotamia no longer exists in the present. but Egypt (though not considered a civilization) still exists

- The civilization fell in different time; Mesopotamia (3500 BCE - 530 BCE) Egypt (3100 BCE - 48 BCE)

The End

Mathematics

Differences

Similarities

Technology

Differences

Similarities

Land Irrigation

Similarities

Difference

Animal Domestication

Similarities

Difference

Writing

Similarities

Differences

Crop Harvesting

Differences

Similarities

Innovations and Achievement that each Civilization is responsible for

The Rising and Development of the Two Civilization

The Basic Agriculture of the Civilizations

Difference

Similarities

Bibliography

- http://mygeologypage.ucdavis.edu/cowen/~gel115/115CH17oldirrigation.html

- http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/homework/egypt/farming.htm

- http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/agriculture.htm

- http://egypt.mrdonn.org/homes.html

- http://edweb.sdsu.edu/courses/edtec670/egypt/pharaohreport.html

- http://thegranduniverse.blogspot.ca/2010/11/weapons-armour-in-mesopotamia.html

- http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_egyptian_pharaohs.php

- http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/weapons/

- http://www.ancientmilitary.com/egyptian-weapons.htmhttp://egypt.mrdonn.org/geography.html

- http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/geography/home.html

- http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/geography/home_set.html

- http://mesopotamia.mrdonn.org/geography.html

- Lauren's Mesopotamia Project from earlier this year

- Melody’s Mesopotamia Pojext from earlier

- Ancient Worlds 7 Chapter 5

- http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/temples/explore/main.html

- http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/egypt/architecture/egyptarchit.htm

The Roles of the Kings or Leaders

Similarities

Differences

Are the Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Civilizations Alike?

The Fall of the Civilization

Similarities

Differences

The Geographic Area of Egypt and Mesopotamia

Egypt

Mesopotamia

Similarities

Differences

Common Houses for Normal Citizens

Gods, Goddesses, and Religion

Similarities

Differences

Temples

Similarities

Differences

Special Buildings (Ziggurats and Pyramids)

Similarities

Differences

Gods and Goddesses

Differences

Similarities

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