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The Culture of the High Middle Ages

Development of Scholaticsm

Universities cont.

  • Scholasticism was the attempt to reconcile both faith and reason.
  • There was a need to seek balance between the beliefs of the Christians and Greek Philosophies.
  • Many of the teachings of Aristotle upset the Christian population and Scholasticism sought to make peace in this issue.
  • Saint Thomas Aquinas was a famous peacemaker who tried to reconcile the two teachings in his book the Summa Theologica.
  • Theology was the most popular study for students at universities due to its high prestige.
  • Theology was the study of religion and God.
  • Students of the University of Paris eventually left and created the University of Oxford.
  • The only people who could become teachers were those who earned there doctorate in certain subjects.

Vernacular Literature

  • Latin was the universal language of medieval civilization.

The First Universities

The Rise of Universitites

  • The first European university appeared in Bologna, Italy..
  • A great teacher named Irnerius, who taught Roman law, attracted students to Bologna from all over Europe.
  • Most were men who were administrators for Kings and Princes.
  • Women did not attend universities.
  • To protect their own rights, students at Bologna formed a guild. In 1158, the guild was given charter - a document giving it the right to govern its own affairs - by ruling authorities.
  • By 1500, there were 80 universities in Europe.

The word university comes from the Latin word universitas, meaning "corporation" or "guild." Medieval universities were educational guilds, or corporations, that produced educated and trained individuals.

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