CRISIS AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM

CONCLUSION

Crisis management in tourism is a subject of conflict, contradiction and dissonance. On the one hand, tourism promotes visa-free travel and more extensive airline access, but on the other hand, crisis management advocates security measures and tighter scrutiny. Tourists certainly want their holiday and travel to be worry-free, but it is good crisis management to issue warning and remind travellers of necessary precautions related to their activieties reminding them of possible dangers.

WHAT IS CRISIS MANAGEMENT?

CONCLUSION

WHAT IS TOURISM CRISIS?

Crisis management is the application of strategies designed to help an organization deal with a sudden and significant negative event.

Crisis management includes:

1. Planning in detail for responses to as many potential crises as possible.

2. Establishing monitoring systems and practices to detect early warning signals of any foreseeable crisis. 

There is nothing sure about crises – except that there will be another one. The only certain way of handling the next tourism crisis is by working together and supporting each other. If there is is anything positive about a crisis, it is the willingness of the industries to work together afterwards.

A simple definition of tourism crisis by World Tourism Organization is: any unexpected event that affects traveller confidence in a destination and interferes with the ability to continue operating normally (Luhrman, 2003).

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3. Establishing and training a crisis management team or selecting an external crisis management firm with a proven track record in your business area. 

4. Involving as many stakeholders as possible in all planning and action stages. 

CLASIFICATION OF CRISIS

3. The phase of an acute crisis is the period of time in which the destructive effect of the crisis is perceived and the company strives to cope. The symptoms apparent with the causes – are, as a rule, recognized as an indication of crisis within a company.

CLASIFICATION OF CRISIS

TYPES OF CRISIS

1. Potential crises are characterizing a phase in which the crisis is only an imaginary construct.

2. Latent crises describe the phase in which the crisis has already broken out but is not yet identifiable with the normal quantitative instruments available to the company. Countermeasures in this phase are not yet subject to noticeable restrictions.

3. Epidemics – affectig tourism are rare because of the advances in medical science and effective control of the spread of diseases on a worlwide basis.

4. Technology failures – are related to aircraft crashes, power blackouts and computer irregularity, etc.

TYPES OF CRISIS

There are four types of crisis which may affect tourism:

1. Crises related to nature

2. Civil conflicts

3. Epidemics

4. Technology failures

1. Disasters related to nature - include avalanche,

flood, earthquake, bush fire, and hurricane.

Such natural disasters may lead to disruption to

communication and transportation and even damage

to infrastructure.

2. Civil conflicts - can be confined within a country

such as community unrest, demonstration,

street violence, and etc, or they can be international

in nature.

CLASIFICATION OF CRISIS

It has already been shown that crises go through a development process. This leads to a phased subdivision of the crisis process becoming practice. As a rule, it is possible to differentiate between two to four phases of a crises. Using time pressure as a characteristic, this divides the phases of a crisis into potential, latent and acute crises.

WHAT IS A CRISIS?

Crisis is the situation of a complex system (family, economy, society) when the system functions poorly, an immediate decision is necessary, but the causes of the disfunction are not known.

CRISIS AND CRISIS

MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM

„Four Rs“

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

Reduction – Detecting early warning signals

Readiness – Preparing plans and running exercises

Resposne – Executing operational and communicational plans in a crisis situation

Recovery – Returning the organization to normal after a crisis

Contingency planing is needed for management to think and prepare before a risk becomes a crisis. Specifically the contingency plan helps identify the following:

1. Signals of a crisis

2. Measures to prevent a crisis

3. Additional financial and non-financial resources available

4. Recovery measures

5. Signals of an end of a crisis and etc.

Karolina Jakutytė

Abdülaziz Bekar

Hüseyin Iz