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After the development of the Binet-Simon Scale, the test was soon brought to the United States where it generated considerable interest. Stanford University psychologist Lewis Terman took Binet's original test and standardized it using a sample of American participants. This adapted test, first published in 1916, was called the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and soon became the standard intelligence test used in the U.S.
The Stanford-Binet intelligence test used a single number, known as the intelligence quotient (or IQ), to represent an individual's score on the test. This score was calculated by dividing the test taker's mental age by their chronological age, and then multiplying this number by 100.
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon believed that children had a different form of intelligence than adults; therefore, they needed to be measured in a different way. With this scale they attempted to create a test which was standardized and would allow for the measurement of a child’s intelligence in the present. This scale was originally created with the intent of classifying children as a means for them to receive special education; however, over time developed into a measurement of intelligence for all children.
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For example, a child with a mental age of 12 and a chronological age of 10 would have an IQ of 120 (12 /10 x 100).
The score of a child was based on his or her composite score across various tests. The emphasis here is on quantity of tests. Binet believed that one could not make solid conclusions about intelligence by only looking at how children score on one test.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Binet
http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesal/p/alfred-binet.htm
Alfred Binet was born July 8, 1857 in Nice, France.
Alfred Binet was born Alfredo Binetti.
In 1899, Binet was asked to be a member of the Free Society for the Psychological Study of the Child. This group hoped to begin studying children in a scientific manner.
His father, a physician, and his mother, an artist, divorced when he was young and Binet then moved to Paris with his mother.
Binet and many other members of the society were appointed to the Commission for the Retarded. The question became "What should be the test given to children thought to possibly have learning disabilities, that might place them in a special classroom?" Binet made it his problem to establish the differences that separate the normal child from the abnormal, and to measure such differences.
(Experimental Studies of Intelligence) was the book he used to describe his methods and it was published in 1903.
Development of more tests and investigations began soon after the book, with the help of a young medical student named Theodore Simon.
He attended law school, and earned his degree in 1878.
He also studied Natural Sciences at the Sorbonne.
University of Paris
He planned on going to medical school, but decided that his interest in psychology was more important.
Self-taught in psychology
Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who invented the first practical intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale. His principal goal was to identify students who needed special help in coping with the school curriculum.
No one test can measure intelligence so bluntly, because it cannot be defined in a simple way. People can be brilliant many different ways, they cannot all be herded in to a testing area like cattle and given the same test to measure how smart they are. It helps paint some perspective, but it cannot define how adept their brains are.