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Transcript

-Marx's Life-

The Basics - Who was Karl Marx?

1818- 1883

-Karl's Ideas -

  • Born in 1818 in Prussia (now West Germany)
  • Earned a doctorate degree in philosophy, but because he was a critic of religion, the Prussians (who were deeply religious and controlled all jobs) would not let him purse that career or his alternative which was journalism
  • Married Jenny Von Westphalen in 1843 and moved to Paris, where he met German journalist Frederick Engels
  • There he wrote his most famous piece, The Communist Manifesto, in 1848
  • Moved to London in 1849 where he fell into poverty and founded the International Workingmen's Association
  • Then he wrote Das Kapital, another book.
  • Died in 1883
  • Large amount of his idea's heavily influenced by others in his field
  • Rejects beliefs on Industrial Revolution that poverty= greed from wealth
  • Instead thinks society changes area result of economic competition
  • By the mid 1840s, chose 4 main elements to his philosophy
  • 1. Hegel's theory- history needs necessary consequences to continue
  • 2. Materialism- sums up everything real
  • 3. Socialism w/ its impact on the public
  • 4. Capitalism- control of economic activity by the government
  • Among the most important thinkers of the 1800s
  • few writers ever rivaled Marx for broad influence on world affairs
  • writings helped political/economics foundation known as communists
  • invented communism concept

-The Communist Maifesto-

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  • Marx’s most famous piece, published 1848
  • Structure of Marxism
  • Manifesto states:
  • Industrial Europe/ N. America would suffer of economic/ social collapse from capitalism
  • Working class would use collapse to remove ideas of public property
  • Some of the ideas in the book:
  • invites industrial workers to join “the communist”: International Workingmen’s Association
  • distinguished working class from the rest of society
  • Marx’s ideas quickly spread around 1848 during the European revolutions (led by nationalists, middle class/ democratic)

-Marx's Influences-

Das Kapital

  • "The Capital"
  • His less famous book, but still important to his career
  • Explained a lot about capitalism and its transformation into communism
  • Marx's ideas had a great impact on the communists
  • He was also very influential to non-communists as well, although some did not agree on certain points
  • In 1922- the Soviet Union was formed and Lenin, became Marx's first dictator
  • The Soviet Union, as well as other unions, soon became known as Marxism-Leninism
  • A lot of the nations in Europe were controlled by the Soviet Union
  • Many moderate socialist rejected idea that socialism had to be achieved by revolution, instead they believed that socialism should be gradually worked up by the democratic institutions and by forming alliances with middle class
  • In 1991- the Soviet Union broke apart into separate countries, most rejecting communism
  • eastern european countries adopted non-communist government

Karl Marx

and

The Communist Manifesto

Ellie Aasted, Shefali Doshi, and Ana Lennon

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