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Turkic Empires: The Rise and Fall 6-13 centuries
Content
CONTENT
- The formation of Turks
- Division and existence of two Turkic Empires
- The rise of tribal chieftains
- The Karakhanids
- Culture of Turks
- Conclusion
Ethnonym Turk
- “Turk”, “Turkit”, “Tu-chueh”
- V.Bartol’d, A.Kononov «Turk» = “strong man”
- L.N. Gumilev “Gok Turk el” = blue Turks
Ethnonym Turk
- Territory: Mongolia and Altai
- Ashina as a founder of Kok Turks
- 552 -553 – qaghan Bumin
- 553-575 – qaghan Istami
- 603 – the division into two qaghanates
The formation of the Turkic qaghanate
The Conquest of Central Asia and Western Turkic Qaghanate
The Conquest
Timeline
555 CE
603-704 CE
Western Turkic qaghanate and people of ten arrows
Turkic-Iranian union against Hephtalites
Timeline
552-555 CE
567 CE
618-630 CE
Istami in Semireche
Ton-jabghu qaghan
Diplomatic relations with Byzantine
Center was Suyab (present Burana district, Chui region)
Turgesh dynasty (704-766)
Turgesh dynasty
- Black and yellow turgesh tribes
- Territory: Ili and Chu
- 704-706 – founder of the power Uch-elik qaghan
- 706-711 – Sakal qaghan against China, Eastern Turkic qaghanate and Arabs
- 710-triple union of Turgesh, China and Kyrgyz against Eastern Turkic qaghanate
- 716-738 - Chybyshchor Suluk qaghan against Arabs
Qarluk dynasty (738-893)
Qarluk
dynasty
- V.Bartold - origin from Uighurs
- Chigil, tashlyk and bulak
- 744 – the fall of the Eastern Turkic qaghanate
- 746 – Karluks came to Semireche
- 751 – Talas battle: Karluks and Arabs against China
Chinese-Arabic
Talas
Battle of 751
Chinese-Arabic Talas Battle of 751
Karakhanids noble people
Adoption of Islam in 10 th century
Architecture Burana,
Uzgen Literacy Balasagyn, Kashgari
Karakhanid dynasty
The System of Ruling
Social Structure
- Inheritance from brother to brother, father to the son
- Division of qaghanates for principalities
The System of Ruling
Qaghan
Jabghu/tegin
Sad/Beg
Economy
Economy
- Pastoral Nomadism in its vertical and horizontal migrations
- Agriculture – in the valleys: barley, wheat, oat
- Trade - the Silk Road
- Trade cities on the territory of KR:
- Nevaket (present Krasnaya Rechka, Chui oblast)
- Suyab (present Tokmok area)
- Uzgen, Osh
Funerals of Turks
Culture
Balbals and the purpose of their creation?
Extended family
Nuclear family
the equal role of women
social division
tribe and kinship
Social life
Turkic culture NOW
Turkic culture now
Conclusion
Conclusion
- The root of Turks has been preserved in the languages of over 170mln.people in Asia, Europe, Russia and China
- Turks are the ancestors of the Kyrgyz .The Legacy of Turks in architecture, literature and traditions of Kyrgyz people and Kyrgyzstan
Bibliography
Bibliography
- Soucek, Svat. A History of Inner Asia, pp. 51-70.
- Barfield, Tomas.The Nomadic Alternative (Englwood Cliffs, 1993), pp.136-158.
- Primary source: Turkic inscriptions about the Second Eastern Turkic Kaghanate at: www.turkicworld.org.
- www.silkroad.org/maps
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