Spiking a Volleyball Analysis

Approach phase

During this phase it is important for the athlete to generate momentum. Arms should be relaxed or in elbow flexion and then there going to step forward and swing their arms back, extending their shoulder to almost an hyperextension.

Approach Phase

Arm Cocking Phase

During this phase the arm is going to abduct and the athlete will externally rotate the dominant shoulder and the elbow will be in flexion. The non dominant arm will be abducted and should be in shoulder flexion.

Arm Cocking Phase

Arm Acceleration Phase

During this phase your hand is going to make contact with the ball and your arm should be flexed and the shoulder will start to internally rotate and then start to extend the elbow.

Arm Acceleration Phase

Follow Through Phase

This phase consists of the athlete fully extending the elbow and following through after making contact with the ball. The forearm will also be pronated depending on where they aim to hit.

Follow Through Phase

Biceps Brachii

Origin:

Long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Short head- coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)

Actions: Elbow flexion, elbow extension

Biceps Brachii

Triceps Brachii

Origin: Lateral head- posterior surface of body of humerus

Long head- Infraglenoid tuberosity

Medial head- Posterior surface of body of humerus, below the groove of radial nerve

Insertion: Olecranon of the Ulna

Nerve Supply: Radial nerve (C6-C8)

Actions: Elbow extension

Triceps Brachii

Teres Minor

Origin: Lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of the humerus

Nerve Supply: Axillary Nerve (C5 and C6)

Actions: Shoulder horizontal abduction, lateral rotation

Teres Minor

Teres Major

Origin: Inferior angle of the scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Nerve Supply: Lower subscapular nerve (C5 and C6)

Actions: Shoulder extension, medial rotation

Teres Major

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Spinous processes of T7-T12, L1-L5; the sacrum; thoracolumbar fascia; inferior portion of the scapula; posterior third of iliac crest; ribs 9-12

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Nerve Supply: Thoracodorsal nerve ; branch of the posterior cord (C6-C8)

Actions: Hyperextension, shoulder extension

Latissimus Dorsi

Pectoralis Major

Origin: Anterior surface of sternal portion of the clavicle and sternum, cartilages of true ribs, and the aponeurosis of external oblique

Insertion: Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Nerve Supply: Medial Pectoral (C8-T1) and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-C7)

Actions: Arm extension, shoulder flexion

Pectoralis Major

Anterior Deltoid

Origin: Lateral third of clavicle

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the lateral side of the body of humerus

Nerve Supply: Axillary nerves (C5 and C6)

Actions: Shoulder flexion,

Anterior Deltoid

Posterior Deltoid

Origin: Scapular spine

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the lateral side of the body of the humerus

Nerve Supply: Axillary nerves (C5 and C6)

Actions: Lateral rotation, horizontal abduction, arm extension, hyperextension

Posterior Deltoid

Brachialis

Origin: Anterior distal half of the humerus

Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and anterior surface of the coronoid process

Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous nerves (C5 and C6) and a branch of the radial nerve

Actions: Elbow flexion

Brachialis

Brachioradialis

Origin: Ridge superior to lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the lateral intermuscular septum

Insertion: Lateral side of the base of the styloid process of the radius

Nerve Supply: Radial nerves (C5 and C6)

Actions: Elbow flexion

Brachioradialis

Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinatus fossa on posterior surface of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus

Nerve Supply: Subscapular nerve (C5 and C6)

Actions: Horizontal abduction and lateral rotation

Infraspinatus

Subscapularis

Origin:Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus

Nerve Supply: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5 and C6)

Actions: Medial rotation

Subscapularis