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Present Simple
31
PRESENT SIMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE
We form the affirmative by using the base form of the ve...
We form the affirmative by using the base form of the verb (infinitive without to); in the he, she and it forms, we add -s:
I PLAY
YOU PLAY
HE / SHE / IT PLAYS
WE PLAY
YOU PLAY
THEY PLAY
SPELLING RULES: 3rd PERSON SINGULAR (he/she/it)
SPELLING RULES: 3rd PERSON SINGULAR (he/she/it)
1. We add -S to the end of most verbs.
play - plays start - starts
2. We add -es if the verb ends in -ch, -ss, -sh or -o.
teach - teaches miss - misses do - does
3. If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, we change -y to i and add -es.
study - studies carry - carries
4. The 3rd person singular form of have is has.
NEGATIVE
In the negative, we use the auxiliary DO/ DOES + NOT (don't / doesn't) before the verb (in the base form.)
SUBJECT + DON'T / DOESN'T + BASE FORM
I don't play basketball He doesn't play tennis
*In the he, she, it forms, we do not add -S to the verb because it is already added to the auxiliary doesn't.
*NO: he doesn't plays tennis
INTERROGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE
In the interrogative, we change the order of the auxilia...
In the interrogative, we change the order of the auxiliary DO / DOES and the subject
DO / DOES + SUBJECT + BASE FORM?
*Remember that we do not add -s to the verb for he, she, it forms because we find it in the auxiliary DOES.
Do you play basketball? Does he play tennis?
SHORT ANSWERS
SHORT ANSWERS
In the short answers, we use the personal pronoun and the auxiliary do / does (don't / doesn't) and we omit the verb.
Do you play football? Yes, I do
Does he play tennis? No, he doesn't
USES
We use the present simple:
1. for something that always happens or happens regularly (e.g. every week, often, sometimes).
Sally cycles to school every day.
2. for facts.
Cows eat grass.
3. with certain verbs that are not used in continuous tenses, e. g. believe, hate, like, love, need, know, prefer, want.
I like this music. (NOT I'm liking this music.)